20.500.12556/RUL-184844 Uporaba novih tobačnih in nikotinskih izdelkov med mladimi in njihov vpliv na zdravje diplomsko delo The use of tobacco and nicotine products among young people and their impact on health diploma work Uvod: Uporaba novih tobačnih in nikotinskih izdelkov v zadnjih letih hitro narašča, zlasti med mladostniki in mladimi odraslimi. Kljub prepričanju, da so ti izdelki varnejša alternativa klasičnim cigaretam, vse več raziskav opozarja na njihove potencialne škodljive učinke na zdravje. Zaradi razvojne ranljivosti mladih predstavlja njihova uporaba pomemben javnozdravstveni izziv. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil proučiti vpliv novih tobačnih in nikotinskih izdelkov na zdravje mladih, s poudarkom na učinkih na dihalni in srčno-žilni sistem ter nevrološki razvoj. Metode dela: Izveden je bil pregled domače in tuje znanstvene ter strokovne literature. Literaturo smo iskali v naslednjih podatkovnih bazah: CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE, Cochrane library, ScienceDirect in spletnem portalu DiKUL. V analizo so bile vključene raziskave, objavljene v zadnjih 10 letih, ki obravnavajo vpliv elektronskih cigaret, ogrevanih tobačnih izdelkov in drugih nikotinskih izdelkov na zdravje mladih. Podatki so bili sistematično zbrani in analizirani. Rezultati: Ugotovitve pregleda literature kažejo, da uporaba novih tobačnih in nikotinskih izdelkov negativno vpliva na dihala (kašelj, piskanje, bronhitis), povzroča akutne spremembe na srčno-žilnem sistemu (povišan srčni utrip, zvišan krvni tlak, endotelijska disfunkcija) ter vpliva na nevrološki razvoj mladih (povečano tveganje za zasvojenost, spremembe v kognitivnih funkcijah). Posebej skrb vzbujajoči sta visoka razširjenost uporabe med mladimi in zgodnja izpostavljenost nikotinu. Rezultati kažejo tudi, da imajo medicinske sestre pomembno vlogo pri preprečevanju uporabe teh izdelkov. Njihovo delovanje vključuje zdravstveno vzgojo, izvajanje preventivnih programov ter zgodnje prepoznavanje uporabe novih tobačnih in nikotinskih izdelkov pri mladih. Razprava in zaključek: Elektronske cigarete ter drugi novi tobačni in nikotinski izdelki so povezani s škodljivimi učinki na dihalni, srčno-žilni in nevrološki sistem mladih. Posebej skrb vzbujajoča je izpostavljenost nikotinu, ki lahko vodi v zgodnji razvoj zasvojenosti in vpliva na kognitivne funkcije. Kljub doslednim ugotovitvam raziskav je treba upoštevati, da so dolgoročni učinki teh izdelkov zaradi njihove relativno kratke prisotnosti na trgu še nezadostno raziskani, kar poudarja potrebo po nadaljnjih longitudinalnih raziskavah. Ugotovitve poudarjajo potrebo po dodatnih izobraževanjih medicinskih sester ter razvoju učinkovitih preventivnih pristopov in nadaljnjih raziskav o dolgoročnih učinkih uporabe teh izdelkov. Introduction: The use of novel tobacco and nicotine products has icreased rapidly in recent years, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Although these products are promoted as safer alternatives to conventional cigarettes, growing evidence highlights their potential adverse health effects. Due to developmental vulnerability, young people represent a particularly at risk population. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma work was to examine the impact of novel tobacco and nicotine products on the health of young people, with a focus on respiratory health, cardiovascular effects and neurological development. Methods: Literature was searched in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL with Full Text, the Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and the DiKUL web portal. Studies published in recent years addressing the health effects of electronic cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and other nicotine products among adolescents were included. Data were systematically collected, analyzed, and compared. Results: The findings indicate that the use of novel tobacco and nicotine products negatively affects the respiratory system (cough, wheezing, bronchitis), causes acute cardiovascular changes (increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, endothelial dysfunction). And impacts neurological development (increased risk of addiction and impaired cignitive functions). The high prevalence of use among young people and early exposure to nicotine are particularly concerning. The findings also indicate that nurses play an important role in preventing the use of these products. Their activities include health education, implementation of preventive programs, and early identification of risk behaviors among adolescents. Discussion and conclusion: The results of the literature review show that electronic cigarettes and other novel tobacco and nicotine products are associated with harmful effects on the respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological systems of young people. Particularly concerning is exposure to nicotine, which can lead to early development of addiction and negatively affect cognitive functions. Despite consistent findings across studies, it should be noted that the long-term effects of these products remain insufficiently researched due to their relatively recent presence on the market, highlighting the need for further longitudinal studies. The findings emphasize the need for additional education for nurses, the development of effective preventive strategies, and further research into the long-term effects of these products. diplomska dela zdravstvena nega elektronske cigarete učinki na zdravje preventivni programi mladostniki medicinske sestre diploma theses nursing care electronic cigarettes health effects preventive programs adolescents nurses true false false [A. Gashi] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-07-16 07:45:46 2026-07-16 07:45:53 2026-07-18 03:44:47 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana VII, 30 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616-083 160562 285071875 60667.pdf 60667.pdf 1 9B09E99DE8E42513A1C14C0372CCEF9E 7f349858b25b9f8cbe3a3c0808703d69ebaaed0c881875da531f5d3b6e8d1364 6c5a5c21-80d9-11f1-9b0d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=240164 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0