Ponovljivost naprednega testa grabljenja papirja za oceno jakosti mišic stopala pri mladih zdravih odraslih

Kaurin, Nika (author), Kozinc, Žiga (author)

Namen raziskave je bil oceniti ponovljivost izboljšanega testa prijema papirja (angl. enhanced paper grip test; EPGT), enostavne metode za oceno jakosti upogibalk prstov nog, pri mladih zdravih odraslih. V študiji je sodelovalo 20 udele-žencev (starost 20–23 let), ki so opravili dve meritvi v razmiku 7–10 dni. Vsako testiranje je obsegalo tri ponovitve EPGT na vsaki nogi, pri čemer smo uporabili ročni dinamometer. Relativna ponovljivost znotraj obiska je bila dobra (ICC = 0,84–0,89), medtem ko je bila ponovljivost med obiski zmerna do dobra (ICC = 0,76–0,80), vendar so bile spodnje meje 95-od-stornega intervala zaupanja dokaj nizke (ICC = 0,49–0,56). Absolutna ponovljivost je bila nekoliko slabša, s tipičnimi napakami 7–8 N (13–16 %). Pri oceni asimetrij smo ugotovili zmerno ponovljivost (ICC = 0,62), vendar nizko ujemanje v smeri asimetrij med obiski (κ = 0,29). Rezultati kažejo, da bi EPGT ob ustrezni standardizaciji lahko bil primeren za oceno jakosti stopala, vendar je pri interpretaciji ponovljenih meritev potrebna previdnost. V prihodnje bi bilo smiselno proučiti možnosti za izboljšanje protokola in razširitev njegove uporabe na širšo populacijo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: šport, jakost stopala, upogibalke prstov, ponovljivost, asimetrija, EPGT
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: Str. 135-140
• Numbering: Letn. 73, št. 1/2
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-184433
• UDC: 796.01
• ISSN on article: 3024-0603
• DOI: 10.52165/sport.73.1-2.135-140
• COBISS.SI-ID: 249024259
• Publication date in RUL: 07.07.2026

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Šport
• Shortened title: Šport
• Publisher: Založba Univerze v Ljubljani
• ISSN: 3024-0603
• COBISS.SI-ID: 241824003

Licences

• License: CC BY-SA 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
• Description: This Creative Commons license is very similar to the regular Attribution license, but requires the release of all derivative works under this same license.

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Reliability of enhanced paper grip test for foot strength assessment in young healthy adults

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the reliability of the Enhanced Paper Grip Test (EPGT), a simple method for evaluating toe flexor strength, in young healthy adults. Twenty participants (aged 20–23) completed two testing sessions spaced 7–10 days apart. Each session involved three EPGT trials per foot using a hand-held dynamometer. Relative reliability within visits was good (ICC = 0.84–0.89), while between-visit reliability was moderate to good (ICC = 0.76–0.80), though lower confidence interval bounds indicated potential variability (ICC = 0.49–0.56). Absolute reliability was lower, with typical errors of 7–8 N (13–16%). Asymmetry measures showed moderate reliability (ICC = 0.62) but low agreement in direction between visits (κ = 0.29). These findings suggest EPGT is a feasible tool for assessing toe flexor strength, but careful standardization and interpretation are needed when using it for repeated measurements. Future work should explore protocol optimization and applicability across diverse populations to strengthen clinical utility.

• Keywords: sport, foot strength, toe flexors, test-retest reliability, asymmetry, EPGT