This master’s thesis examines the role of border control as a key tool in preventing terrorist threats within the European Union (EU). Contemporary security challenges, such as terrorism, radicalization, and irregular migration, require a comprehensive approach that goes beyond traditional document checks. The study analyses the EU’s legal, institutional, and technological framework, focusing on three dimensions: the functioning of information systems (especially the Schengen Information System SIS), the role of EU agencies, and the link between border control and countering terrorist financing. The research applies a qualitative methodology, analysing EU legal acts, strategic documents, statistical reports (Europol TE-SAT, Frontex), and case studies. The theoretical framework combines securitization theory, border management theory, and radicalization theories, connecting security policies with their broader societal effects. Findings show that the effectiveness of border control depends on the interoperability of data systems, the quality of intelligence, and institutional coordination. Empirical cases, such as the arrest of Salah Abdeslam, illustrate the importance of aligned legal and operational action. Linking financial monitoring with border security emerged as one of the most effective preventive approaches. The thesis concludes that the EU’s long-term resilience rests on a combination of legal, institutional, and technological measures, applied in line with the principles of proportionality and respect for fundamental rights.
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