The aim of this work was to provide an overview of the literature describing the digestive processes in horses and to establish why it is necessary to take into account the specific characteristics of feeding and feed composition. They are herbivorous nonruminants with a single-chambered stomach. Unlike ruminants, where the main fermentation processes occur in the forestomachs of their multi-chambered stomachs, the primary fermentation of fibrous feed in horses takes place in the large intestine. Digestive disorders and their consequences are among the most important diseases in domestic horses. However, a lack of knowledge among carers and horse owners prevents adequate progress in disease prevention. Therefore, understanding the specific characteristics of the horse’s digestive system is essential for proper feeding and care. Since fibre fermentation in horses occurs in the cecum and large intestine, their digestive system is highly sensitive to dietary changes. An inappropriate feed composition can quickly lead to digestive disorders and diseases. Only by considering their anatomy, natural feeding habits, and physiological needs can we ensure the horse’s health, wellbeing, and performance.
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