Closed-loop control of anesthesia using two-degrees-of-freedom control with a target-controlled infusion algorithm

Vegelj, Aleksander (author), Škrjanc, Igor (author), Karer, Gorazd (author)

This article proposes a new closed-loop control method to induce and maintain a desired depth of hypnosis during total intravenous anesthesia. The method utilizes two-degreesof-freedom control, with propofol infusion rate as the input and bispectral index (BIS) as the output. A target-controlled infusion (TCI) algorithm called STANPUMP is used as the feedforward action to achieve the desired BIS response, and a feedback controller based on a Kalman filter deals with model uncertainties. Adding a TCI algorithm as the feedforward action improves the time-to-target and enhances patient safety. This is because it allows for a seamless transition to open-loop control if needed.

• Language: English
• Keywords: closed-loop control, anesthesia, bispectral index (BIS), target-controlled infusion (TCI), two-degrees-of-freedom control (2 DoF), model predictive control (MPC), STANPUMP
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.08 - Published Scientific Conference Contribution
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: Str. 367-372
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-169048
• UDC: 681.5
• ISSN on article: 2405-8963
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.063
• COBISS.SI-ID: 234806787
• Publication date in RUL: 08.05.2025

Record is a part of a proceedings

• Title: 11th Vienna International Conference on Mathematical Modelling MATHMOD 2025
• COBISS.SI-ID: 234805251

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: IFAC papersOnline
• Publisher: International Federation of Automatic Control
• ISSN: 2405-8963
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18995734

Licences

• License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Description: The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zaprtozančno vodenje, anestezija, bispektralni indeks, ciljno krmiljena infuzija, regulacija s krmilnim delom, prediktivno vodenje, STANPUMP

Projects

• Funder: ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
• Project number: P2-0219
• Name: Modeliranje, simulacija in vodenje procesov