Učinki aerobne vadbe na normalno zvišan arterijski krvni tlak pri mladih odraslih - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Logonder, Jerca (avtor), Jakovljević, Miroljub (mentor), Petrič, Maja (komentor), Hiti, Nina (recenzent)

Uvod: Visok arterijski krvni tlak je ena izmed najpogostejših kroničnih bolezni. Uvedena je bila nova klasifikacija, ki vključuje izraz »prehipertenzija« (normalno zvišan arterijski krvni tlak) za posameznike z vrednostmi sistoličnega krvnega tlaka med 120–139 mmHg in vrednostmi diastoličnega krvnega tlaka med 80–89 mmHg. Posamezniki z normalno zvišanim krvnim tlakom imajo večje tveganje za razvoj visokega arterijskega krvnega tlaka v prihodnosti. Ti posamezniki niso kandidati za zdravljenje z zdravili, ampak jim je treba svetovati ukrepe za spremembo življenjskega sloga. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil pregled literature o učinkih aerobne vadbe na normalno zvišan arterijski krvni tlak pri mladih odraslih. Metode dela: Literaturo smo poiskali v elektronski podatkovni zbirki PubMed. Uporabljene so bile naslednje kombinacije ključnih besed in besednih zvez: aerobic exercises, prehipertension (high normal blood pressure), young adults. V pregled so bile vključene raziskave, ki so opisovale učinke aerobne vadbe na normalno zvišan arterijski krvni tlak pri mladih odraslih, objavljene od leta 2015 do 2024 v angleškem jeziku. Merilo za vključitev v pregled je bilo opazovanje dolgoročnih učinkov aerobne vadbe na normalno zvišan arterijski krvni tlak in spremljanje populacije mladih odraslih. Rezultati: V pregled je bilo vključenih pet raziskav. V dveh raziskavah so primerjali kombinirani vadbeni program in primerjalno skupino. V dveh raziskavah so primerjali dve obliki aerobne vadbe, in sicer visoko intenzivno intervalno vadbo in zmerno intenzivno neprekinjeno vadbo. V eni raziskavi so izvajali aerobno vadbo, ki so jo primerjali s primerjalno skupino. V štirih raziskavah so ugotovili statistično značilne razlike med skupinami (p < 0.05) in s tem potrdili učinkovitost aerobne vadbe pri uravnavanju normalo zvišanega arterijskega krvnega tlaka. Med primerjanjem visoko intenzivne intervalne vadbe in zmerno intenzivne neprekinjene vadbe so ugotovili, da je visoko intenzivna intervalna vadba veliko učinkovitejša kot slednja (p = 0.014). Razprava in zaključek: Aerobna vadba je učinkovita pri uravnavanju normalno zvišanega arterijskega krvnega tlaka pri mladih odraslih. Potrebne so dodatne raziskave z večjim in bolj reprezentativnim vzorcem. V nadaljnjih raziskavah bi bilo smiselno poenotenje postopka merjenja arterijskega krvnega tlaka z enakimi merilnimi napravami.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, prehipertenzija, mladi odrasli, telesna dejavnost, aerobna vadba, dejavniki tveganja
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [J. Logonder]
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: 27 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-167915
• UDK: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 229812739
• Datum objave v RUL: 20.03.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effect of aerobic exercises on elevated arterial blood pressure in young adults - literature review : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: High arterial blood pressure is one of the most common chronic diseases. A new classification has been introduced, including the term "prehypertension" (normal high arterial blood pressure) for individuals with systolic blood pressure values between 120–139 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure values between 80–89 mmHg. Individuals with normal high blood pressure are at a greater risk of developing high arterial blood pressure in the future. These individuals are not candidates for medication but should be advised on lifestyle modification measures. Objective: The aim of this thesis was to review the literature on the effects of aerobic exercise on normal high arterial blood pressure in young adults. Methods: Literature was searched in the electronic database PubMed. The following combinations of keywords and phrases were used: aerobic exercises, prehypertension (high normal blood pressure), young adults. The review included studies that described the effects of aerobic exercise on normal high arterial blood pressure in young adults, published between 2015 and 2024 in English. The inclusion criterion for the review was the observation of the long-term effects of aerobic exercise on normal high arterial blood pressure and monitoring of young adult populations. Results: Five studies were included in the review. Two studies compared a combined exercise program with a control group. Two studies compared two forms of aerobic exercise, specifically high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training. One study involved aerobic exercise compared with a control group. Four studies found statistically significant differences between the groups (p < 0.05) confirming the effectiveness of aerobic exercise in regulating normal high arterial blood pressure. When comparing high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training, high-intensity interval training was found to be much more effective (p = 0.014). Discussion and conclusion: Aerobic exercise is effective in regulating normal high arterial blood pressure in young adults. Further research with larger and more representative samples is needed. In future studies, it would be reasonable to standardize the procedure for measuring arterial blood pressure using the same measuring devices.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, physiotherapy, prehypertension, young adults, physical activity, aerobic exercise, risk factors