Introduction: After an amputation, patients are usually given a prosthesis to enable them to carry out their daily activities. The main purpose of the prosthesis is to restore mobility or enable the use of the amputated limb. Therefore, the residual limb is covered with several additional layers, that hinder heat transfer due to the properties of the materials used. At the same time, the low moisture permeability and direct contact between the skin and plastic, silicone, or other materials prevent sweat from evaporating. When using a prosthesis, the residual limb is exposed to an unnatural and uncomfortable environment. In addition, the energy required for movement increases, while the skin surface available for regulating body temperature decreases. Hyperhidrosis is therefore a common complication following lower limb amputation, where the residual limb sweats excessively. Despite the development and use of advanced prosthetic materials, excessive sweating and its treatment remain a major challenge challenge for both patients and prosthetists. Proposed solutions for optimizing prosthetic components to reduce thermal discomfort and sweating are still poorly researched. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work is to investigate the possibilities for the treatment of hyperhidrosis in people with lower limb amputation on the basis of awith lower limb amputation through a literature review. The main objective of the diploma work is to determine how an orthotist and prosthetist can contribute to the treatment of hyperhidrosis in individuals with lower limb amputation by optimizing prosthetic components. Methods: We used a descriptive research method. The search for professional and original scientific articles was conducted from 20.12.2023 to 1.9.2024. We used the Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed databases. We used the following keywords in English: amputation, prosthetics, hyperhidrosis, sweat, moisture, lower limb. We included literature that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Studies have shown that perforated liners and the SmartTemp liner, based on phase change material technology, are effective in reducing sweating, with perforated liners being the most cost-effective method. Unfortunately, their use is limited to transtibial amputees. Air systems such as AeroFit and dynamic air exchange prostheses are only partially effective; they help to reduce relative humidity but do not affect the temperature of the residual limb. Cooling systems provide temperature control and long-lasting cooling; however, with the exception of the cooling element in the socket, they have only been tested under laboratory conditions. Discussion and conclusion: Standard clinical methods of treating hyperhidrosis have been shown to be ineffective or only partially effective in individuals with lower limb amputation. This demonstrates the need for more advanced solutions and optimization of prosthetic components. Successfully addressing this issue will provide prosthesis users with greater mobility, increased comfort, and ultimately enhanced confidence in their daily activities.
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