Epigenetics in psychiatry : beyond DNA methylation

Kouter, Katarina (author), Šalamon Arčan, Iris (author), Videtič Paska, Alja (author)

The global burden of psychopathologies appears to be underestimated, since the global psychiatric disorder burden is exceeding other medical burdens. To be able to address this problem more effectively, we need to better understand the etiology of psychiatric disorders. One of the hallmarks of psychiatric disorders appears to be epigenetic dysregulation. While some epigenetic modifications (such as DNA methylation) are well known and studied, the roles of others have been investigated much less. DNA hydroxymethylation is a rarely studied epigenetic modification, which as well as being an intermediate stage in the DNA demethylation cycle is also an independent steady cell state involved in neuro- development and plasticity. In contrast to DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation appears to be related to an increase in gene expression and subsequent protein expression. Although no particular gene or genetic locus can be at this point linked to changes in DNA hydroxymethylation in psychiatric disorders, the epigenetic marks present good potential for biomarker identification because the epigenetic landscape is a result of the interplay between genes and environment, which both influence the development of psychiatric disorders, and because hydroxymethylation changes are particularly enriched in the brain and in synapse-related genes.

• Language: English
• Keywords: mood disorders, suicide, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, hydroxymethylation, 5-hydroxymethycytosine, gene expression
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
• Organization: MF - Faculty of Medicine
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: Str. 319-330
• Numbering: Vol. 13, iss. 6
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-165213
• UDC: 616.89
• ISSN on article: 2220-3206
• DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.319
• COBISS.SI-ID: 156170755
• Publication date in RUL: 27.11.2024

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: World journal of psychiatry
• Shortened title: World j. psychiatry
• Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group
• ISSN: 2220-3206
• COBISS.SI-ID: 1537103300

Licences

• License: CC BY-NC 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
• Description: A creative commons license that bans commercial use, but the users don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: motnje razpoloženja, samomor, shizofrenija, bipolarna motnja, hidroksimetilacija, 5-hidroksi-metil‐citozin, izražanje genov