Raki rodil - zdravljenje z ohranitvijo rodne zmožnosti : diplomsko delo

Jesenovec, Jerca (author), Skubic, Metka (mentor), Janša, Vid (comentor), Prelec, Anita (reviewer)

Uvod: Rak rodil se lahko pojavi tudi pri ženskah v rodnem obdobju. Način zdravljenja raka rodil v zgodnjih stadijih pri mlajših bolnicah lahko temelji na postopkih, ki ohranjajo rodno zmožnost. Namen: V diplomskem delu smo raziskali in predstavili rake rodil ter zdravljenje z ohranitvijo rodne zmožnosti. Osredotočili smo se predvsem na zdravljenje treh vrst raka rodil – raka jajčnikov, raka materničnega telesa in raka materničnega vratu. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom tuje strokovne in znanstvene literature ter preverjanje zastavljenih trditev in iskanje odgovorov na zastavljena raziskovalna vprašanja. Pri iskanju smo uporabili časovni okvir objav, in sicer med letoma 2010 in 2024. Za iskanje literature smo uporabili: CINAHL, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Science–Drect. Literatura je bila iskana s ključnimi besedami v slovenskem jeziku: »rak materničnega vratu«, »rak materničnega telesa«, »rak jajčnikov«, »ohranitev rodne zmožnosti« in v angleškem jeziku: »cervical cancer«, »endometrial cancer«, »ovarian cancer«, »fertility sparing treatment«. Uporabili smo Boolov operator IN oziroma AND. Iskalna strategija je prikazana v PRISMA diagramu. Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 21 člankov. Zdravljenje rakov rodil, ki so odkriti v začetnih stadijih, je s postopki, ki ohranjajo rodno zmožnost, lahko uspešno. Stopnja zanositve po zdravljenju s temi postopki je sicer nižja kot pri zdravih ženskah. Tveganja in izidi nosečnosti so odvisni od vrste raka in načina zdravljenja. Po zdravljenju raka materničnega vratu obstaja večje tveganje za prezgodnji porod, nižjo porodno težo novorojenca in spontani splav v drugem trimesečju nosečnosti. V primeru raka maternične sluznice in raka jajčnikov pa so izidi nosečnosti dobri. Razprava in zaključek: Ključno pri zdravljenju raka rodil s postopki, ki ohranjajo rodno zmožnost, je, da je rak odkrit v zgodnji fazi bolezni, da je ženska v rodnem obdobju in si še želi ohraniti rodno zmožnost. Zdravljenje je zelo individualno pogojeno. Na področju zmožnosti zanositve in izidih nosečnosti po zdravljenju različnih rakov rodil je zelo malo raziskav in v prihodnosti bo treba to področje še bolje raziskati. Ključne besede: zdravljenje z ohranitvijo rodne zmožnosti, rak materničnega vratu, rak jajčnikov, rak endometrija.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, babištvo, zdravljenje z ohranitvijo rodne zmožnosti, rak materničnega vratu, rak jajčnikov, rak endometrija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Jesenovec]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 51 str., [5] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-161505
• UDC: 618.2/.7
• COBISS.SI-ID: 207214339
• Publication date in RUL: 12.09.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Gynecological cancers - Fertility sparing treatment : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Gynecological cancers can also occur in women of childbearing age. The treatment of early-stage uterine cancer in younger women can be based on procedures that preserve fertility. Purpose: In this thesis, we investigated and presented the treatment of gynecological cancers and fertility preservation. We have focused on the treatment of three types of gynecological cancers - ovarian cancer, uterine body cancer and cervical cancer. Methods. The search was conducted using the time frame of publications between 2010 and 2024. CINAHL, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Science-Drect were used for the literature search. The literature was searched using the following Slovene keywords: »cervical cancer«, »uterine cancer«, »ovarian cancer«, »fertility preservation«, and using English keywords: »cervical cancer«, »endometrial cancer«, »ovarian cancer«, »fertility sparing treatment«. We used Boolean operators IN and AND respectively. The search strategy is shown in the PRISMA diagram. Results. The final analysis included 21 articles. Treatment of gynecological cancers detected in the early stages with fertility-sparing treatments can be successful. Conception rates after treatment with these procedures are lower than in healthy women. The risks and outcomes of pregnancy depend on the type of cancer and the type of treatment. After treatment for cervical cancer, there is a higher risk of preterm birth, lower birth weight of the newborn and miscarriage in the second trimester. However, in the case of cervical and ovarian cancer, pregnancy outcomes are good. Discussion and conclusion: The key to the treatment of gynecological cancers with fertility preserving procedures is that the cancer is detected early in the disease, the woman is in her childbearing years and still wishes to preserve her fertility. Treatment is highly individualised. There is very little research on the ability to conceive and on pregnancy outcomes after treatment for different gynecological cancers, and this is an area that will need to be better researched in the future. Keywords: fertility preservation treatment, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer.

• Keywords: diploma theses, midwifery, fertility preservation treatment, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer