The thesis focuses on testing smart meters in power systems using the Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). Smart meters, as key components of modern electrical grids, enable precise measurement and control of electricity consumption while supporting grid management. The study primarily examines the functionality of a smart meter, designed for low-voltage systems, yet increasingly applied in medium and high-voltage networks due to its reliability and accuracy.
The main objective of the thesis was to test the smart meter’s functionality under simulated power system conditions using various measurement transformer configurations and real-time scenario simulations. The RTDS simulator allowed for the generation of dynamic conditions necessary for accurate testing and analysis of the meter's performance. The test results showed that smart meters reliably detect and measure electrical quantities under resistive loads, confirming their usefulness in practical conditions. However, discrepancies were noted in reactive loads, where the accuracy of measured active power was reduced.
The thesis also highlights the significance of smart meters in improving the efficiency of power systems. Modern meters provide real-time consumption monitoring, allowing operators to better control and optimize the grid. Additionally, they support advanced communication capabilities for remote management and diagnostics, reducing the need for on-site interventions and enabling faster responses to disturbances. This enhances the reliability of the electricity supply and reduces downtime. Moreover, smart meters enable the implementation of tariff plans, consumption analysis, and energy source optimization, contributing to increased energy efficiency and sustainability.
Based on the conducted tests and analyses, we conclude that smart meters are an indispensable element of modern electrical grids. Their application brings numerous benefits, including improved reliability, greater efficiency, and enhanced grid management. Smart meters represent a significant step forward in the development of power systems and will play a crucial role in ensuring stable and efficient electricity supply in the future.
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