Poškodbe tal po strojni sečnji in spravilu lesa v redčenjih : diplomsko delo - univerzitetni študij

Cerjak, Bojan (avtor), Košir, Boštjan (mentor)

Gozdno gospodarstvo Maribor je avgusta 2010 na raziskovalnih ploskvah na Pohorju in na Goričkem izvedlo prvo redčenje drogovnjakov s tehnologijo strojne sečnje. Na obeh objektih je bil uporabljen stroj za sečnjo Eco Log 580C in zgibni polprikoličar John Deere 1110. Namen diplomskega dela je bil preizkus metode snemanja sečnih poti, ugotoviti primernost uporabljenih strojevna izbranih objektih, ugotoviti razlike v globinah kolesnic po sečnji in po spravilu lesa ter vpliv sečnih ostankov na zmanjšanje globin kolesnic. Pred sečnjo je bilo na Pohorju postavljenih 42 profilov, na Goričkem pa 59. V času sečnje je ob profilih potekala meritev vlažnosti tal, po sečnji pa snemanje koordinat karakterističnih točk sečne poti. Enak postopek je sledil po spravilu lesa z zgibnim polprikoličarjem. Ob profilih se je merila tudi trdnost naravnih tal, naklon terena in število prehodov zgibnega polprikoličarja. Ugotovitve kažejo, da je bila uporabljena metoda primerna in dovolj natančna. Povprečne širine sečnih poti so na Pohorju 366 cm po sečnji in 369 cm izvozu lesa, na Goričkem pa 409 cm po sečnji in 417 cm po izvozu lesa. Širine sečnih poti so bile glede na razvojno fazo prevelike. Povprečna globina kolesnic je po obeh procesih enaka, na Pohorju 5 cm in na Goričkem 6 cm. Med procesoma ni značilnih razlik v globinah kolesnic. Z vidika globin kolesnic sta bila uporabljena stroja primerna, na vsakem objektu je bilo 91 % kolesnic manjših od 10 cm. Ugotovljen je bil ugoden vpliv sečnih ostankov na zmanjšanje globin kolesnic. Pri debelejši plasti sečnih ostankov so nastale manjše kolesnice in obratno.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: strojna sečnja, poškodbe tal, kolesnice, sečni ostanki
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [B. Cerjak]
• Leto izida: 2011
• Št. strani: IX, 72 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-15989
• UDK: 630*3
• COBISS.SI-ID: 3173030
• Datum objave v RUL: 11.07.2014

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Neznan jezik

Izvleček

The first thinning of pole stands took place on Pohorje and Goričko research plots in August 2010. It was carried out by Maribor Forest Management with mechanized logging operations. At both sites harvester Eco Log 580 C and forwarder John Deere 1110 were used. The purpose of this thesis was to test the track recording methods, to determine the suitability of the machinery used on selected sites, to determine differences in rut depths after logging and timber exports and the impact of logging residues to reduce the rut depths. Before thinning 42 profiles on Pohorje and 59 on Goričko were marked.Soil moisture content was measured during the logging and coordinates of track characteristic points after it. The same procedure was followed afterforwarding of timber. Next to profiles the strength of undisturbed soil and the slope of tracks were also measured. The findings show that the method used is appropriate and precise enough. Average width of tracks on Pohorje was366 cm after harvesting and 369 cm after forwarding. And in Goričko it was 409 cm and 417 cm. Tracks were too wide according to the forest age. Average rut depth after both processes is the same, 5 cm on Pohorje and 6 cm in Goričko. There was no significant difference in rut depths between both processes. 91% of the rut depths were under 10 cm on both sites, which means that both machines used were suitable. The effect of logging residues contributed to smaller rut depths. The thicker layer of logging residues is reflected in smaller rut depths and vice versa.