Digitalni vratarji: nov pojem v ureditvi digitalnih trgov

Repše, Sara (avtor), Podobnik, Klemen (mentor), Damjan, Matija (komentor)

Magistrsko diplomsko delo obravnava nov pojem digitalnih vratarjev, ki ga v pravo digitalnih trgov vnaša Uredba (EU) 2022/1925 o tekmovalnih in poštenih trgih v digitalnem sektorju (Akt o digitalnih trgih). Uvodoma je na kratko opisan družben in ekonomski vpliv digitalnih platform in s tem povezan sprejem Akta o digitalnih trgih. V nadaljevanju je predstavljena digitalna strategija EU, v okviru katere je bil Akt sprejet, in njegovo razmerje s konkurenčnim pravom EU. Nato so predstavljene specifične značilnosti digitalnih trgov in nekaj postopkov zaradi spornih praks tehnoloških velikanov, na podlagi katerih se je pokazala potreba po novi regulaciji. V osrednjem delu je predstavljen pojem vratarja, na katerem sloni ureditev, ki jo uvaja Akt o digitalnih trgih. Podrobneje je razčlenjena definicija in imenovanje vratarja iz člena 3, ter obveznosti, ki jih uredba nalaga vratarjem. Nazadje je predstavljena analiza definicije vratarja ter obveznosti vratarjev. Namen magistrskega diplomskega dela je bil raziskati in razčleniti popolnoma nov pojem vratarja ter oceniti, ali gre za primeren normativni pristop glede na specifične značilnosti teh trgov. Ključne ugotovitve magistrskega dela so, da je zaradi neefektivnosti obstoječega konkurenčnega prava določena oblika regulacije nujna, ter da je uvedba pojma vratarja smotrna. Učinkovitost obveznosti, ki jih vratarjem nalaga Akt o digitalnih trgih, zaenkrat še ni mogoče oceniti, v njihov prid pa govori fleksibilnost, ki je na več mestih vgrajena v določbe uredbe. Ravno fleksibilnost je bila v literaturi najpogosteje izpostavljena kot tista lastnost nove ureditve, ki utegne največ pripomoči k njeni efektivnosti pri spodbujanju tekmovalnosti in poštenosti v kompleksnem okolju digitalnih trgov.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: digitalni vratarji, imenovanje vratarjev, obveznosti vratarjev, Uredba (EU) 2022/1925 o tekmovalnih in poštenih trgih v digitalnem sektorju, Akt o digitalnih trgih, konkurenčno pravo, digitalni trgi, digitalna strategija EU
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: PF - Pravna fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-153141
• COBISS.SI-ID: 180664067
• Datum objave v RUL: 19.12.2023

REPŠE, Sara, 2023, Digitalni vratarji: nov pojem v ureditvi digitalnih trgov [na spletu]. Magistrsko delo. [Dostopano 19 maj 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=153141

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Digital gatekeepers: a new concept in the regulation of digital markets

Izvleček

The Master's thesis deals with the new concept of digital gatekeepers introduced by Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 on contestable and fair markets in the digital sector (Digital Markets Act - DMA). The introduction briefly describes the social and economic impact of digital platforms and the related adoption of the DMA. It then outlines the EU's digital strategy, in the context of which the Act was adopted, and the relationship between DMA and EU competition law. The specific characteristics of digital markets are then presented, together with some of the controversial practices of the tech giants that have led to the need for new regulation. The central part presents and elaborates on the concept of gatekeeper, the definition and designation under Article 3, and the obligations imposed on gatekeepers by DMA. An analysis of the definition of gatekeeper and the obligations of gatekeepers is presented at the end. The aim of the Master's thesis was to explore and analyse the entirely new concept of gatekeeper introduced into the law by the Digital Markets Act and to assess whether it is an appropriate normative approach in view of the specific characteristics of these markets. The key findings of the Master's thesis are that the ineffectiveness of existing competition law makes some form of regulation necessary and that the introduction of the concept of gatekeeper is sensible. The effectiveness of the obligations imposed on gatekeepers by the DMA cannot yet be assessed, but the flexibility built into the provisions of the regulation speaks in their favour. It is precisely the flexibility of the Act that has been most frequently highlighted in the literature as the feature of the new regulation that is most likely to contribute to its effectiveness in promoting competition and fairness in the complex environment of digital markets.

• Ključne besede: digital gatekeepers, designation of gatekeepers, obligations for gatekeepers, Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 on contestable and fair markets in the digital sector, Digital Markets Act, competition law, digital markets, EU Digital Strategy