Introduction: With the uncontrolled use of synthesized antimicrobial substances in everyday life, numerous negative consequences for global health and the environment have increased. A negative perception of consumers towards industrially synthesized antimicrobial substances has led to an interest in the use of natural plant-based substances with antibacterial properties. It is important that when studying the antimicrobial activity of natural substances, we do not focus solely on planktonic microorganisms but also examine their effects on more resistant forms, such as spores and biofilms. Purpose: The purpose of the master’s thesis is to analyze and evaluate the antibacterial action of selected active components of essential oils on the removal of biofilms bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: We used different concentrations of linalool, citronellal, and sodium hypochlorite to analyze and evaluate the antibacterial action of individual active components of essential oil on biofilm removal. In our research, we used test bacteria: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. To start our research, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration for the selected compounds for the test bacteria. We used the crystal violet method and colony counting to determine the activity of selected active components and sodium hypochlorite against biofilms of selected test bacteria based on biomass quantity and number of surviving cells. Results: The results showed inhibitory and bactericidal effects of linalool, citronellal, and sodium hypochlorite on the selected test bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The optical density and number of surviving cells of the biofilm bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus decrease with higher concentrations of the selected component. Discussion and conclusion: We found that natural antimicrobial substances linalool and citronellal have good potential in removing biofilm of the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and are comparable to the standard antimicrobial substance sodium hypochlorite. Further research on natural antimicrobial substances is needed to reduce negative effects on global health and the environment when removing biofilms from surfaces.
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