Učinki aerobne vadbe na kognitivno delovanje pri osebah s shizofrenijo - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Souidi, Anamarija (avtor), Kavčič, Tina (mentor), Jakovljević, Miroljub (recenzent)

Uvod: Shizofrenija je huda duševna motnja, za katero so značilne blodnje in halucinacije, neurejen govor, pomanjkanje motivacije in socialni umik ter kognitivne motnje. Temelj zdravljenja shizofrenije so antipsihotična zdravila, ki so učinkovita pri zmanjševanju pozitivnih simptomov, medtem ko imajo na negativne simptome in kognitivne motnje minimalen učinek, zato obstaja potreba po novih strategijah zdravljenja. Pri splošni populaciji se je izkazalo, da ima aerobna vadba veliko pozitivnih učinkov na kognitivno delovanje. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na podlagi pregleda strokovne in znanstvene literature ugotoviti, kakšne učinke ima aerobna vadba na kognitivno delovanje oseb s shizofrenijo. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom literature. Iskanje literature je potekalo v podatkovnih zbirkah PubMed in PEDro s ključnimi besedami »aerobna vadba IN shizofrenija IN kognicija« ter »aerobic exercise AND schizophrenia AND cognition«. Izbrane so bile raziskave, ki so ustrezale sledečim vključitvenim merilom: randomizirane nadzorovane raziskave, klinične raziskave, raziskave objavljene po letu 2012, članki v slovenskem ali angleškem jeziku, raziskave, v katerih so ocenjevali učinke aerobne vadbe na kognitivno funkcijo pri osebah s shizofrenijo. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih šest randomiziranih nadzorovanih raziskav. V treh raziskavah so ugotavljali učinke aerobne vadbe v kombinaciji s kognitivnim treningom na kognitivno delovanje, v dveh učinke aerobne vadbe in antipsihotikov v primerjavi z zdravljenjem samo z antipsihotiki, v eni pa v primerjavi z vadbo ravnotežja in raztezanja. V vseh raziskavah so ugotovili, da aerobna vadba lahko izboljša kognitivno delovanje oseb s shizofrenijo, vendar so ti učinki dosegali raven statistične značilnosti le v štirih raziskavah. Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi pregleda literature lahko zaključimo, da ima aerobna vadba potencialne pozitivne učinke na kognitivno delovanje oseb s shizofrenijo, za potrditev teh učinkov pa obstaja potreba po nadaljnjem raziskovanju. V prihodnje raziskave bi bilo treba vključiti večji vzorec preiskovancev, daljše trajanje intervencije, ustrezno primerjalno skupino, učinke aerobne vadbe pa spremljati daljše časovno obdobje. Pomembno je, da aerobno vadbo v proces zdravljenja shizofrenije vključimo le kot podporno metodo, skupaj z antipsihotiki in psihoterapijo.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, shizofrenija, aerobna vadba, kognitivno delovanje
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [A. Souidi]
• Leto izida: 2023
• Št. strani: 34 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150413
• UDK: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 164890883
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.09.2023

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive functioning of people with schizophrenia - literature review : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness characterized by delusions and hallucinations, impaired speech, lack of motivation, social withdrawal, and cognitive impairment. The cornerstone in the treatment of schizophrenia is antipsychotic medication, which is most effective in reducing positive symptoms, while having minimal effect on negative symptoms and cognitive impairment, suggesting a need for new treatment strategies. In the general population, aerobic exercise has been shown to have many beneficial effects on individuals’ cognitive functioning. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma thesis was to determine the effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in people with schizophrenia based on a literature review. Methods: We used a descriptive method with a literature review. The literature was searched in PubMed and PEDro using the keywords »aerobna vadba AND shizofrenija AND kognicija« and »aerobic exercise AND schizophrenia AND cognition«. Studies were selected if they met the following inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, studies published after 2012, articles in Slovenian or English, studies evaluating the effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function of people with schizophrenia. Results: Six randomized controlled trials were included in the review. Three studies examined the effects of aerobic exercise in combination with cognitive training on cognitive performance, two studies compared the effects of aerobic exercise and antipsychotics with antipsychotic treatment alone, and one study compared the effects of aerobic exercise with balance and stretching exercises. All studies showed that aerobic exercise can improve cognitive performance in people with schizophrenia, but only in four studies were these effects statistically significant. Discussion and conclusion: Based on the literature review, it can be concluded that aerobic exercise has potential positive effects on cognitive performance in people with schizophrenia. However, further research is needed to confirm these effects. Future research should include a larger number of participants, a longer duration of intervention, and an appropriate control group, and monitor the effects of aerobic exercise over a longer period. Aerobic exercise should be used in the treatment of schizophrenia only as a supportive method, together with antipsychotics and psychotherapy.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, physiotherapy, schizophrenia, aerobic exercise, cognitive function