The male reproductive system is influenced by many factors, which may be external or lifestyle-related. Certain factors can affect sperm parameters acutely, while others have more lasting effects. It is well known that certain lifestyle habits have a negative effect on the reproductive system, but it is less well known that excessive and insufficient physical activity can also have a severe impact on reproduction.
The purpose of this master thesis was to review the national and international literature on the topic of physical exercise and exercise-related factors on the male reproductive system.
In the thesis, we presented the anatomical and physiological features of the male reproductive system and the problem of male infertility. We described the influence of different types, volume and intensity of exercise on the hormonal profile and semen characteristics in men. In addition, we have reviewed research that has examined the impact of extreme conditions on the reproductive system, the consequences of anabolic androgenic steroid use, the impact of intense physical activity on puberty and the development of young athletes, oxidative stress and its impact on infertility and the impact of diet on the reproductive system.
We have found that regular exercise, which is not too intense and excessive, can have a positive impact on the male reproductive system by increasing testosterone levels and improving semen parameters. If exercise is too intense, especially endurance exercise, it can have negative effects on the reproductive system.
This master's thesis is relevant and useful for all sport and health professionals who work with male individuals. The thesis can provide guidelines for research in the field of male infertility and exercise and its associated factors.
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