Dejavniki vpliva notranjega in zunanjega okolja na kakovost zraka v igralnicah vrtcev ter učilnicah osnovnih in srednjih šol : magistrsko delo

Rožanec, Jan (avtor), Kukec, Andreja (mentor), Galičič, An (komentor), Poljšak, Borut (recenzent)

Uvod: Šolajoči otroci in mladostniki skoraj 12 % svojega življenja preživijo v šolskem okolju. Slaba kakovost notranjega zraka v šolah se povezuje z vplivi na zdravje učencev in na njihovo uspešnost pri pouku. Zaradi višje frekvence dihanja, nepopolno razvitih pljuč in še razvijajočega imunskega sistema se otroci uvrščajo v občutljivo populacijsko skupino. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je opredeliti možne dejavnike vpliva zunanjega in notranjega okolja na kakovost zraka v vzgojno-izobraževalnih zavodih in oceniti razširjenost opredeljenih dejavnikov v slovenskih osnovnih šolah. Metode dela: V prvi fazi smo s sistematičnim pregledom literature proučili dejavnike, ki vplivajo na kakovost zraka v vzgojno-izobraževalnih zavodih. V drugi fazi smo analizirali rezultate anketnega vprašalnika, ki je bil izveden v slovenskih osnovnih šolah v sklopu ciljno raziskovalnega projekta, številka V3-1904. Z analizo rezultatov anketnega vprašalnika smo ocenili razširjenost opredeljenih dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na kakovost zraka v osnovnih šolah v Sloveniji glede na mikrolokacijo. Oceno povezanosti med mikrolokacijo osnovnih šol in izbranimi dejavniki vpliva smo statistično preverili s preizkusom Pearsonov hi-kvadrat. Rezultati: S sistematičnim pregledom raziskav smo ugotovili, da sta bila kot najpogostejši vir onesnaževanja notranjega zraka navedena bližina prometnih cest ter dejavnost uporabnikov v učilnicah. Na anketni vprašalnik se je odzvalo 355 od 454 osnovnih šol v Sloveniji. Ugotovili smo, da je, v raziskanih primerih slovenskih šol, prometna cesta najpogostejši potencialni zunanji vir onesnaževanja notranjega zraka v centru mesta in na obrobju mesta/manjšem mestu. Na vasi/podeželju je bil najpogostejši potencialni zunanji vir onesnaževanja stanovanjsko naselje z individualnimi kurišči na drva. Dejavniki vpliva kot so, oddaljenost osnovne šole 200 m od potencialnih virov onesnaževal, oddaljenost od najbližje prometnice, energent, na katerega se ogreva šolska stavba, so statistično značilno povezani z mikrolokacijo osnovne šole. Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi sistematičnega pregleda literature ugotavljamo, da tako zunanji, kot notranji dejavniki vpliva pomembno vplivajo na kakovost notranjega zraka v prostorih vzgojno-izobraževalnih zavodov. Najpomembnejši rezultati naše presečne raziskave so pokazali, da je mikrolokacija osnovnih šol v Sloveniji statistično značilno povezana le z nekaterimi zunanjimi dejavniki vpliva. Poznavanje dejavnikov vpliva nam daje pomemben vpogled v obravnavano problematiko in usmeritev v najbolj pereča vprašanja glede zmanjševanja notranjih koncentracij onesnaževal v igralnicah vrtcev in učilnicah šol.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: magistrska dela, sanitarno inženirstvo, kakovost notranjega zraka, dejavniki vpliva zunanjega in notranjega okolja, vzgojno-izobraževalni zavodi, osnovna šola
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [J. Rožanec]
• Leto izida: 2022
• Št. strani: 46, [11] str., [19] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-143261
• UDK: 614
• COBISS.SI-ID: 133307139
• Datum objave v RUL: 10.12.2022

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The impact of indoor and outdoor environmental factors on air quality in kindergarten playrooms and primary and secondary school classrooms : master thesis

Izvleček

Introduction: School-age children and adolescents spend almost 12% of their lives in the school environment. Poor indoor air quality in schools is associated with the impact on students' health and their educational performance. Due to the higher respiratory rate, incompletely developed lungs and still developing immune system, children are classified as a vulnerable population group. Purpose: The purpose of the master thesis is to define the potential factors of the indoor and outdoor environment that affect indoor air quality in an educational setting and to assess the prevalence of the identified factors in Slovenian primary schools. Methods: In the first phase, we conducted a systematic literature review to investigate the factors that affect indoor air quality in educational settings. In the second phase, we analysed the results of the questionnaire survey, conducted in Slovenian primary schools as part of the targeted research project number V3-1904. By analysing the results of the questionnaire, we assessed the prevalence of the identified factors that affect indoor air quality in primary schools in Slovenia according to micro location. The assessment of the association between the micro location of primary schools and the selected factors that affect indoor air was statistically tested using the Pearson Chi-Square test. Results: Based on a systematic review of the literature, we found that the most common sources of indoor air pollution were proximity to busy roads and user activity in classrooms. 355 out of 454 primary schools in Slovenia responded to the questionnaire. In Slovenian school cases studied, we have found that traffic road is the most common outdoor source affecting indoor air quality in the city centre and in the suburbs/small town. In the village/rural area, the most common outdoor source was residential area with individual wood-burning stoves. Factors such as the 200-metre distance of the primary school from potential pollution sources, the distance from the nearest major road and the energy source used to heat the school building are statistically significantly associated with the micro location of the primary school. Discussion and conclusion: Based on the systematic literature review, we found that both outdoor and indoor factors have a significant impact on indoor air quality in educational settings. The main results of our cross-sectional study showed that the micro location of primary schools in Slovenia is statistically significantly associated with only certain outdoor factors that affect indoor air quality. Knowing the factors that affect indoor air quality gives us important insights into the discussed issues and a focus on the most pressing issues with regard to reducing the concentrations of pollutants in kindergarten playrooms and school classrooms.

• Ključne besede: master's theses, sanitary engineering, indoor air quality, factors influencing the external and internal environment, educational institutions, primary school