Pravni položaj brezposelnih oseb, ki se gibljejo v Evropski uniji

Rataj, Primož (avtor), Strban, Grega (mentor)

V disertaciji je obravnavan pravni položaj brezposelnih oseb, ki se gibljejo v Evropski uniji (EU), natančneje predvsem z vidika pravic in obveznosti pri denarnih dajatvah, bodisi denarnih dajatvah za primer brezposelnosti bodisi (denarnih) socialnih pomočeh. To vsebino poleg nacionalnih pravnih virov pri čezmejnih razmerjih urejajo viri mednarodnega prava in prava EU. Preko obravnave teh virov, njihove osebne in stvarne veljavnosti ter temeljnih načel, je z različnih zornih kotov opravljena primerjava med njimi samimi in tudi v razmerju do posebnosti, povezanih s socialnim tveganjem brezposelnosti. Namen doktorske disertacije je s pravnoteoretičnega, sistemskega, zgodovinskega, primerjalnega in praktičnega vidika analizirati pravni položaj brezposelnih oseb, ki se gibljejo v EU, ter podati predloge za spremembe ali dopolnitve pravne ureditve. V tej luči so skozi razpravo razvidna trenutna pravila in pravni zapleti, poleg tega pa so podani predlogi de lege ferenda ureditve, ki so osnovani na temelju pravnih virov, sodne prakse, teoretičnih znanstvenih in strokovnih del ter lastnih razmišljanj. Predlogi se pretežno nanašajo na tri načela koordinacije sistemov socialne varnosti, natančneje načelo uporabe zakonodaje ene države (določitev pristojne zakonodaje), načelo varstva pravic v nastajanju (seštevanje obdobij) in načelo varstva pridobljenih pravic (izplačevanje dajatev v tujino). Smiselno enako je storjeno za (denarne) socialne pomoči, ki so sicer subsidiarne narave in z vidika ustroja povsem drugačne od (socialno-zavarovalnih) dajatev za brezposelnost. Temeljno vprašanje na tem mestu se nanaša na odgovornost zagotavljanja socialnih pomoči prispelim tujim (brezposelnim) državljanom, ki je pravno-politično občutljiva tema še v sedanjosti, saj predstavlja jedro koncepta socialne države. Razpravo preveva želja po določnih, jasnih in sistemsko skladnih pravilih, ki ustrezno varujejo pravni položaj mobilnih brezposelnih oseb na način, da se jim kontinuirano zagotavlja socialna zaščita.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Brezposelnost, svoboda gibanja, povezovanje sistemov socialne varnosti, socialno zavarovanje, nadomestilo za brezposelnost, socialna pomoč.
• Vrsta gradiva: Doktorsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: PF - Pravna fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-136709
• COBISS.SI-ID: 108699395
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.05.2022

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The legal position of unemployed persons that are moving in the European Union

Izvleček

The thesis deals with the legal position of unemployed persons that are moving within the European Union (EU), in particular from the perspective of their rights and duties regarding unemployment benefits or social assistance. These are regulated in national legislation, as well as in international sources of law and EU law, especially when dealing with cross-border cases. By reviewing these sources of law, their personal and material scope, and the fundamental principles they contain, a comparison is made between them, as well as in relation to the special features of unemployment as a social risk. The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the legal position of the unemployed persons that are moving within the EU from a legally-theoretical, systemical, historical, comparative and practical point of view, and to submit proposals for future changes or modifications of the relevant rules. In this context, current rules and legal issues are seen in discourse. Moreover, de lege ferenda proposals are formed stemming from legal sources, jurisprudence, theoretical scientific and professional contributions and my own conclusions. The proposals mostly relate to three principles of social security coordination, more precisely to the principles of one applicable legislation (determining the competent State), maintenance of rights in the course of acquisition (aggregation of periods) and maintenance of acquired rights (payment of benefits abroad). Similar logic is followed with respect to social assistance, even though it is of a subsidiary nature and fundamentally different from (social-insurance based) unemployment benefits. The central question in this regard is that of a host State's responsibility towards foreign (unemployed) citizens entering its territory, which is at present (still) a politically and legally sensitive topic, as it touches upon the heart of the welfare State. The discussion is inspired by the desire for precise, clear and systemically sound legal framework that suitably safeguards the legal position of mobile unemployed persons in such a way, that they enjoy continuous social protection.

• Ključne besede: Unemployment, free movement, coordination of social security systems, social insurance, unemployment benefit, social assistance.