The final paper deals with the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of different vehicle propulsion systems while also considering driving styles. The task is broken down to two-stages, with one stage comprising an experimental part in which city and motorway specific driving cycles with different driving styles were measured in real traffic conditions. The second stage comprises the numerical part, for which the simulation software tool AVL Cruise M is used. Two simulation models for different vehicle propulsion systems were created in the simulation software tool, to simulate different diving speed profiles (highway and city driving) and different driving styles (calm, normal, aggressive). The simulations allow to evaluate energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for each propulsion system in different driving modes with the aim of evaluating the feasibility of using analysed propulsion systems in different driving scenarios. The results show that for both analysed driving cycles an electric vehicle achieves lower energy consumption, whereas the analysis of carbon dioxide emissions enables determination of a limit point of travelled distance after which use of electric vehicle is environmentally reasonable.
|