Vsebnost in varnost sestavin v kozmetičnih izdelkih za dojenčke

Stegu Bobnar, Nina (avtor), Zega, Anamarija (mentor), Sollner Dolenc, Marija (komentor)

POVZETEK Koža je človekov največji organ, ki opravlja številne funkcije. V življenju gre čez številne procese, največje spremembe pa doživlja v začetku življenja. Takoj ob rojstvu koža še ni popolnoma razvita, njene funkcije še ne delujejo tako, kot pri odraslem človeku, zato je čiščenje in nega v tem obdobju izrednega pomena. Pri izboru izdelkov je potrebna previdnost, saj je otroška koža veliko bolj občutljiva, kot koža odraslega človeka. Izdelki, ki jih starši izbirajo za čiščenje in nego kože njihovih dojenčkov, morajo biti varni, izogibati se je treba alergenom, pri uporabi pa je potrebna zmernost. Zato je pri izbiri ustreznega izdelka potrebno upoštevati mnenja strokovnjakov. Priporočeno je preveriti tudi seznam vsebovanih sestavin na ovojnini, s čimer se prepričamo, da izdelek vsebuje samo take sestavine, ki so primerne za omenjeno populacijo. S tem namenom smo se tudi lotili naše diplomske naloge. Dotaknili smo se same zgradbe in nalog kože, posebej preučili kožo dojenčkov in se nato usmerili v kozmetične izdelke, ki so namenjeni prav tej starostni skupini. Pregledali smo 108 izdelkov, večinoma teh, ki jih najdemo na domačih spletnih straneh, saj je danes nakupovanje po spletu že zelo pogost način nakupovanja. Ta način nakupovanja nam omogoča tudi lažji pregled izdelkov s stališča certificiranja. Ob opisu izdelka najdemo tudi oznake certifikatov, ki/če jih izdelek vsebuje in njihovo razlago. Izbrali smo 23 krem za obraz, 21 krem in losjonov za telo, 18 šamponov, 18 hladilnih in negovalnih mazil, 6 različnih vlažilnih robčkov, 8 trdih mil in 14 zaščitnih izdelkov za sonce. V vseh izdelkih smo pregledali vse sestavine in izpostavili tiste, ki bi bile možne povzročiti neželene učinke. To so konzervansi, dišave, barvila in UV-filtri, ki se nahajajo v zaščitnih izdelkih za sonce. V izdelkih smo našli 13 konzervansov, dišavnih sestavin je bilo 20, barvila so bila le 3, UV-filtrov pa je bilo 13. V večih izdelkih se te sestavine pojavljajo v različnih kombinacijah. Najpogostejši konzervans je bil fenoksietanol (zasledili smo ga 26-krat), med alergenimi dišavami pa smo največkrat zasledili linalol in limonen, oba 24-krat. Barvila smo zasledili le v 4 izdelkih, UV-filtri pa so bili v večini v zaščitnih izdelkih. Najpogostejši je bil titanov dioksid (9-krat), takoj za njim pa avobenzon (8-krat). Poleg sistematičnega pregleda sestavin smo se posvetili tudi razlikam med certificiranimi in necertificiranimi izdelki za obraz in telo. V nasprotju s pričakovanji smo ugotovili, da tudi veliko certificiranih izdelkov vsebuje konzervanse in dišave in tudi število sestavin v obeh skupinah je v povprečju zelo enako. Na osnovi podatkov iz dobljene literature smo ocenili varnost omenjenih sestavin in ustreznost izdelkov, vključenih v to raziskavo. Zaključimo lahko, da preiskovani izdelki vsebujejo sestavine z malo neželenimi učinki, bi pa še vseeno lahko omejili npr. uporabo dišav, ki so velikokrat glavni krivec za neželene učinke na koži ter uporabo konzervansov. Njihovo uporabo bi lahko omejili npr. že z drugačno obliko ovojnine– namesto lončkov bi uporabili ovojnino na potisk. Moramo pa se zavedati, da razvijajoča se koža ne potrebuje velikih količin kozmetičnih izdelkov, saj ji s prekomerno uporabo prej škodimo, kot pomagamo.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Kozmetični izdelki, dojenčki, koža, varnost
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FFA - Fakulteta za farmacijo
• Leto izida: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131604
• Datum objave v RUL: 30.09.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Content and safety of ingredients in cosmetic products for babies

Izvleček

ABSTRACT Skin is our largest organ, performing numerous functions. During the course of life, it undergoes multiple processes, while experiencing the most significant changes in the beginning of life. At the very moment of birth, skin is not entirely developed yet and its functions do not operate on the same level as they do in case of an adult. That is why proper cleaning and care are of utmost importance during that period of time. Caution must be applied when choosing products as baby skin is much more sensitive than the adult skin. Products, chosen by parents for cleaning and caring of their babies' skins have to be safe and simultaneous avoidance of alergens needs to be taken into account while the application requires moderation. Therefore the opinion of experts should be taken into account into appropriate selecton of the product.cIt is also recomended to check the list of ingredients contained in the package to make sure that the product contains only such ingredients that are siutable fort he said population. This thesis was written precisely for that purpose. We have touched upon the very structure and tasks of the skin, studied closely the baby skin and subsequently focused on cosmetic products, which are intended for this age group. We analyzed 108 products, mostly the ones that could be purchased online because it is fair to say that online shopping is almost the only remaining method of shopping in the contemporary era. We studied all the ingredients in every product and removed those that could potentially cause adverse effects. These are preservatives, perfumes, pigments and UV-filters. The total number of preservatives in products is 13 along with 20 perfume ingredients while pigments were only 3 and UV-filters amounted to 13. These ingredients appear in various combinations in the products. The most frequent preservative was phenoxyethanol (detected 26 times) while linalol and limonene were detected most often among the allergenic pigments (both 24 times). Pigments were detected only in 4 products and UV-filters occurred only in protective products. The most frequent among them was titanium dioxide (9 times), closely followed by avobenzone (8 times). In addition to the systematic inspection of ingredients, we focused also on the differences between certified and uncertified products for face and body. We assessed the safety of the aforementioned ingredients and suitability of the products, which are found on the market and labelled as cosmetic products for babies and children. Generally, the products, which we studied, contain safe ingredients. However, we could still limit the usage of perfumes, which are oftentimes the main culprits for adverse effects on the skin and for the usage of preservatives. Their usage could already be limited for instance by a different form of packaging – instead of pots, we could use push packaging. In any case we have to be aware that the developing skin does not need huge quantities of cosmetic products as we can cause more harm than good by excessive usage.

• Ključne besede: Cosmetic products, children, skin, safety