Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical procedure with which electrodes are surgically implanted in a specifically located anatomical position in the brain, with the intention of pathological management of symptoms and signalizations in patients with specific diagnosis. The procedure is used for treatment of clinically diagnosed motoric disabilities such as Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor. The implanted electrodes are subcutaneously connected via connectors to a subcutaneously implanted neurostimulator, which generated electric impulses. There is a possibility of many, but extremely rare, surgical complications such as intracranial bleeding, stroke and infection. An operating room nurse is present during the procedure and is responsible for patient safety, knowing of the human anatomy and surgical procedure, handling and caring of surgical instruments and having the knowledge of assembling the stereotactic equipment. Purpose: In this diploma work, we defined the content of the anatomy, functions and the importance of deep brain nuclei, stereotaxy, the surgical procedure of DBS and the role of an operating room nurse during the procedure. The purpose of this diploma work is to present the DBS surgical procedure with the help of professional literature. The goal is to present the DBS surgical procedure and to describe the role of an operating room nurse during the procedure. Methods: This diploma work is based on a descriptive method of work and quantative research, namely a review of professional literature using the following databases and browsers: PubMed, COBBIS, Medline, Google Scholar, CINAHL and the use of electronic library Z-Library. Literature in English and Slovene was used, with an emphasis on original scientific articles and electronically or physically accessible professional textbooks and manuals. Discussion and conclusion: Operating room nurses during DBS surgery have a key role in its implementation. The nurse is responsible for the setup of all equipment, medical supply, instrument tables, surgical instrument sets and sutures necessary for the operation. With other members of the operating team, she assists in placing the patient in an operative position in which she pays attention to reducing the possibility of pressure injury and protecting the patient from X-rays. She is responsible for the surgical safety checklist, working equipment in the operating room and properly assembled stereotactic frame and arc. She is responsible for sterile and aseptic work throughout the operation. At the end of the surgical procedure, she takes proper care of the surgical wounds, cleans the surrounding skin and removes all unnecessary objects off the patient.
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