In the diploma thesis we were interested in how honey behaves in the microwave oven, how it affects its properties and quality change. In the experimental part, we determined how the dielectric constant of honey in the frequency range of microwaves changes depending on the content and thermodynamics of water activity. Dielectric properties were measured in five samples of honey (acacia, linden, floral, chestnut and forest honey) in the frequency range from 200 MHz to 8.5 GHz. The results showed that forest honey has the highest water content and water activity, and flower honey has the lowest water activity, while linden honey has the lowest water content. For all types of honey, the dielectric constant decreased with frequency regardless of water content. The lower the water content and thermodynamic activity of the water is, the lower is the dielectric constant. At a lower frequency, the dielectric constant decreased sharply. Forest honey has the highest water content and water activity, so consequently the dielectric constant was also the highest; while the floral honey has the lowest water activity and consequently a low dielectric constant. It is seen that the loss factor is highest in the sample with the highest water activity and water content (in forest honey) regardless of frequency; while it is the lowest in the sample with the lowest water content and activity. The highest loss factor was observed at the lowest frequency of 200 MHz, regardless of the type of honey; while the lowest loss factor was at the frequency of 2.46 GHz, allowed for household microwave ovens.
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