In a master's thesis, we explore more points of view of safety in Sports class in first and second triad in Primary Schools. In the theoretical part, we first determine safety and safety points of view in school, based on gist, norms and laws. Later we focused on safety in Sports and other sports activities in school. We emphasise the meaning of physical activities, that is very important for a child's development, progress and activity, in school and also outside. We carefully work out and describe objective and subjective dangers, that can appear in Sports and we have to comply with if we want to ensure a safe environment. Injuries of pupils or all people that practice are a basic part of sports activities, and that is why we put attention also to that.
In the empirical part of my work, I included 14 different Primary Schools and 20 teachers, that do Sports in the Savinja region. Experimental data about safety in class we gained with advanced ready observational lists and questionnaires. The observational paper included criteria, that apply on safety and has allowed gaining information between observing lessons in Sports. With the help of observation paper, we check compliance of sport places from the view of objective factors, adaptedness of phase of development of child and diversities of used supplies and devices. We paid extra attention to sports equipment and how pupils and teachers are arranged. We also paid attention to the amount and appropriate of warming up before doing exercises in continuing the lesson, control of a teacher, appropriate protection and demonstration in a phase of a learning process. In the second part, we focused on self-evaluation of 36 teachers that solved the questionnaire. On the 4-rate chart, we gather opinions of performers of lessons about their qualification or competences, that apply on safety in teaching Sports. We emphasise the competences of qualification in planning and doing a lesson, in knowing salient risk factors in sport and knowing the first aid.
Results we gained with observational lists and questionnaire were statistically worked, results were described and correlated in debate and findings are gathered in resolution. Results gather with observational list shows on very good training conditions from the view of the size of a gymnasium. The size of training places of main and branch schools is on average suitable for the number of training pupils. The problem appears when more classes are in the same place at the same time. In training, places is mostly well-taking care of objective risk factors (lighting, temperature, ventilation, floor and walls). Most pupils that are active in sports lesson have suitable sports equipment and are suitably arranged. Same goes to the teachers. During the lesson, teachers have good supervision on pupils. They follow the instructions, movement exercises are adapted, sometimes only warming up is less diverse. On the other hand, the results gained with the questionnaire shows the positive opinion of teachers about knowing the curriculum. Teachers feel less competent for correct and suitable demonstration of sports elements. That is shown in avoiding potentially dangerous sports elements (rollback, climbing the rope, leap the goat). Between teachers who teach in main and branch schools, there are no statistically important differences in their evaluation of competence in the area of safety. However, there are important differences between teachers who teach for a long time and younger colleagues. Teachers with long teaching experiences list better self-evaluation in planning safe lessons on different development phases, in qualification for correct demonstration of sports elements and in knowing the factors of safe training.
With the warning on possible gaps in insuring the safe conditions in teaching sports, we try to help teachers to find a suitable balance between dynamic, varied and safe sport participation.
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