The purpose of this thesis is a synthesis of research in the field of Neanderthal diet. The view of the subject has changed greatly throughout history. The original researchers tried to find out the way Neanderthals ate, mainly by analyzing animal remains from individual sites. Based on this, they were described mainly as hunters of large mammals or as scavengers. With the development of new methods such as stable isotope analysis, paleonatropology, molecular biology, tartar analysis and tooth wear, there have also been findings that Neanderthals also used other food sources, e.g. plant. The general conclusion of recent research, however, remains that Neanderthals were primarily hunters that hunted large mammals, but they were also very adaptable and also exploited other food resources available to them in a particular environment.
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