Primerjalni vidiki treh modelov tehničnih dejavnosti za dvig ustvarjalnosti otrok

Starc, Špela (avtor), Avsec, Stanislav (mentor)

V diplomskem delu želimo predstaviti različne lesene modele za otrokovo igro, pri katerih lahko dvignemo stopnjo njihove ustvarjalnosti. Pri delu z lesom želimo pri otrocih spodbujati njihovo ustvarjalnost in jih spodbuditi k razmišljanju, podajanju mnenj, iskanju novosti, novih rešitev. Iz navedenih razlogov smo se odločili, preizkusiti tri lesene modele igrač v vrtcu. Otroci, ki so sodelovali pri dejavnostih, so bili stari od 4 do 5 let. Dokazali so, da lahko ustvarijo mnoge zanimive stvari, če jim pustimo prosto pot ustvarjanja in domišljije. Pred začetkom izvedbe dejavnosti smo v Vrtcu Ribnica razdelili anketne vprašalnike, saj smo hoteli z njimi ugotoviti, kako in koliko uporabljajo les kot material v vrtcu. Rezultati anketnega vprašalnika so pokazali, da les ni med prvimi materiali za uporabo pri izvedbi dejavnosti. Med prvimi so bila papirna gradiva in umetne snovi. V teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela smo opisali ustvarjalnost kot širok pojem, osredotočili smo se na ustvarjalnost pri otrocih v predšolskem obdobju. Predstavili smo tudi ustvarjalnost v kurikulumu za vrtce po nekaterih ciljih in načelih. Opisali smo igro in njene vrste, ki so pri otrocih najbolj pogoste v predšolskem obdobju, in predstavili les kot material za igro otrok v vrtcu. V empiričnem delu smo podali analizo anketnega vprašalnika. Predstavili smo tri lesene modele igrač, opisali izvedbo ter prikazali analizo poteka dejavnosti v vrtcu. Dejavnost smo izvajali v skupini Ježki s 16 otroki, starimi od 4 do 5 let. V sklopu dejavnosti smo izvajali igro treh lesenim modelov igrač. Opazne so bile osredotočenost, motivacija in lastna ustvarjalnost otrok. Skozi dejavnosti smo spremljali razmišljanje, ideje, pobude in raziskovanje otrok, spoznavali njihovo domišljijo in nove izkušnje. Glede na videno smo prepričani, da so otroci v igri uživali, saj so po modelih posegali tudi v času proste igre, jutranjega sprejemanja in popoldanske igre. Trije leseni modeli igrač so otrokom dali novo znanje in jih še bolj spodbujali k igri in ustvarjalnosti. Z diplomskim delom želimo dati pobudo vsem vzgojiteljem, da začnejo z dejavnostmi in projekti, katerih ključna vsebina je les, saj otroci ob tem neznansko uživajo, razvijajo ustvarjalnost in pridobivajo prva znanje iz tehnike in tehnologije.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: tehnična vzgoja
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-117527
• COBISS.SI-ID: 22473475
• Datum objave v RUL: 15.07.2020

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Comparison of three models of technical activities for child creativity development

Izvleček

This paper tries to make kindergarten teachers aware of different wooden models for children's play that help increase their creativity. Working with wood, we want to encourage children's creativity and motivate them to think, give an opinion as well as search for novelties and solutions. Due to these reasons, we decided to test three wooden toy models in the kindergarten. Children who participated in the activity were aged between 4 and 5. They proved that they can create many different shapes if we let them be creative and imaginative. Prior to the activity, we carried out a survey in the Ribnica Kindergarten to determine how and to what extent they use wood as a material. The results of the survey show that wood is not the first choice when it comes to selecting a material to perform activities, but paper and plastic. The theoretical part describes creativity as an extremely broad term and focuses on creativity in children in the preschool period. We present creativity in the Kindergarten Curriculum in terms of some of its goals and principles. We also describe play and the types of play that are the most common in the preschool period, which is followed by a presentation of wood as a material for children’s play in the kindergarten. The empirical part presents the analysis of the survey carried out among kindergarten teachers. Three wooden toy models are described, performance of the activity presented and the analysis of the course of the activity in the kindergarten outlined. The activity was performed in the group Ježki with 16 children, aged from 4 to 5. Children played with the three wooden toy models. We could see their focus, motivation and creativity. Throughout the activity, we observed their thoughts, ideas, incentives and explorations and we learnt about their imagination and new experience. Based on what we witnessed, children enjoyed the play as they played with the toy models even during recess, at the morning reception and during afternoon play. The three wooden toy models broadened the children's knowledge and even more encouraged them to play and be creative. This paper tries to encourage all kindergarten teachers to perform activities or projects with wood as a key element. The thing is that children immensely enjoy when playing with wooden toys, develop their own creativity as well as gain technical and technological knowledge.

• Ključne besede: technical education