Micro RNA are endogenous, single stranded RNA that regulate gene expression in numerous physiological and pathological processes (1,2). Although, micro RNA are a promising diagnostics biomarkers, the main problem is their abundance, tissue non-specificity and consequently a poor correlation between the miRNA profile and specific disease. Based on systematic reviews of diagnostic performance of serum and plasma miRNA, we designed a database of micro RNA with their diagnostic parameters such as sensitivity, specificity and Area Under the ROC Curve. The data we have obtained from MEDLINE electronic library were processed using the Metadisc 1.40 software. We designed the following search profile: ("microRNA"[All Fields] OR "miRNA"[All Fields]) AND ("diagnosis"[All Fields] OR "biomarker"[All Fields]) AND ("serum"[All Fields] OR "plasma"[All Fields]) NOT Review[ptyp]. We found 2588 publications. Based on previously formed inclusion and exclusion criteria, we continued our work with 437 publications. A total of 467 miRNAs and their combinations were included. In assessment of the diagnostic purpose we included 290 individual and 177 miRNA combinations. The data was then divided into four subgroups: breast cancer, colorectal cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and musculoskeletal diseases. Pooled sensitivity and specificity assessing the effectiveness of diagnostic performance were: 82.8% in 77.5% for breast cancer, 77.8% and 78.3% for colorectal cancer, 81.1% and 78.4% for neurodegenerative diseases and 82.4% and 81.2% for musculoskeletal diseases. The Area Under the ROC Curve, which classifies development based on major disease prediction abilities, was 0.9108 for breast cancer, 0.8734 for colorectal cancer, 0.9015 for neurodegenerative diseases and 0.8951 for musculoskeletal diseases. Furthermore, we evaluated miRNA as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. We compared miRNA from our database with the miRNA expression data in patients with Alzheimer's disease and in healthy controls. With statistical t test, we confirmed that four miRNA: miRNA-125b (p = 0,05), miRNA-142-3p (p = 0,0002), miRNA-483-3p (p = 0,05) and miRNA-483-5p (p = 0,04), were diagnostically effective in identifying patients with Alzheimer's disease.
We concluded that miRNA in our database could be used as diagnostic biomarkers for our four disease groups. For the purpose of a wider use of the database, we also created an online application that will ease searching and access to the information regarding usefulness of miRNA in diagnostics purposes.
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