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Onesnažila v zraku, vodi in hrani, oksidativni stres in antioksidanti
ID Glavan, Uroš (Author), ID Fink, Rok (Author), ID Ferfila, Nevenka (Author), ID Poljšak, Borut (Author), ID Jereb, Gregor (Author)

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Abstract
Prosti radikali oz. reaktivne kisikove zvrsti (RKZ) endogenega izvora so stranski produkt oksidativne fosforilacije, kjer se energija iz hrane in kisik pretvarjata v ogljikov dioksid, vodo in energijo. V mitohondrijih poteka redukcija molekule kisika v vodo v verigi prenosa štirih elektronov. Ta proces ni idealen, ker med procesom elektronskega verižnega transporta pri oksidativni fosforilaciji iz mitohondrijev “uhajajo” stranski produkti v citosol. Na ta proces žal nimamo vpliva. Drugi vzrok izpostavljenosti organizma RKZ pa je okolje v katerem živimo. Neprestano smo izpostavljeni oksidantom iz okolja, kot so: ozon, dušikovi oksidi, ionizirajoče in UV- sevanje, pesticidi, alkoholi, stranski produkti dezinfekcije vode s klorom, tobačni dim, itd. Na eksogeno izpostavljenost RKZ imamo delni vpliv: (i) lahko se umaknemo v okolje, kjer je manjša koncentracija okoljskih onesnažil, (ii) zaščitimo se lahko s povečanim vnosom antioksidantov. V prispevku bomo predstavili ali se je smiselno z antioksidanti zaščititi pred tistimi okoljskimi onesnažili, ki vplivajo na povečan oksidativni stres organizma.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:reaktivne kisikove zvrsti, okoljska onesnažila, antioksidanti
Typology:1.02 - Review Article
Organization:ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
Year:2014
Number of pages:Str. 19-37
Numbering:Special edition
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-113034 This link opens in a new window
UDC:614:544.431.15
ISSN on article:1854-0678
URN:URN:NBN:SI:DOC-6LKLARM1
COBISS.SI-ID:4796011 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:29.11.2019
Views:1140
Downloads:254
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Sanitarno inženirstvo
Publisher:Inštitut za sanitarno inženirstvo, Zbornica sanitarnih inženirjev Slovenije
ISSN:1854-0678
COBISS.SI-ID:216969216 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:29.11.2019

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Pollutants in air, water and food, oxidative stress and antioxidants
Abstract:
Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are manly formed endogenously during oxidative phosphorylation inside our cells. During this process, energy in the form of ATP is obtained from ingested food. Compounds from the food react with oxygen and carbon dioxide, water and energy are released. More precisely, each molecule of oxygen is reduced in 4 step reaction into water. However, the mentioned reaction is not 100 % efficient due partial reduction of oxygen which leads into formation ROS. Due to their reactivity ROS molecules cause damage to the cell macromolecules. Unfortunately, there is little we can do regarding the formation of ROS from the endogenous source. The second source of ROS-causing damage to human cells originates from the environment we are living. We are constantly exposed to diverse oxidizing products like: ozone, nitrogen oxides, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation (e.g., UVradiation), various pesticides, alcohol, disinfection by-products, cigarette smoke, etc. In the case of exogenous ROS exposure we have partial influence: we can either move to the environment with less ROS-sources or we can protect ourselves with ingestion of antioxidants. In the article, data will be discussed, whether it is reasonable to increase our defense against environmentaly-induced oxidative stress with antioxidants or not.

Keywords:reactive oxigen species, environmental pollutants, antioxidants

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