20.500.12556/RUL-113034 Onesnažila v zraku, vodi in hrani, oksidativni stres in antioksidanti Pollutants in air, water and food, oxidative stress and antioxidants Prosti radikali oz. reaktivne kisikove zvrsti (RKZ) endogenega izvora so stranski produkt oksidativne fosforilacije, kjer se energija iz hrane in kisik pretvarjata v ogljikov dioksid, vodo in energijo. V mitohondrijih poteka redukcija molekule kisika v vodo v verigi prenosa štirih elektronov. Ta proces ni idealen, ker med procesom elektronskega verižnega transporta pri oksidativni fosforilaciji iz mitohondrijev “uhajajo” stranski produkti v citosol. Na ta proces žal nimamo vpliva. Drugi vzrok izpostavljenosti organizma RKZ pa je okolje v katerem živimo. Neprestano smo izpostavljeni oksidantom iz okolja, kot so: ozon, dušikovi oksidi, ionizirajoče in UV- sevanje, pesticidi, alkoholi, stranski produkti dezinfekcije vode s klorom, tobačni dim, itd. Na eksogeno izpostavljenost RKZ imamo delni vpliv: (i) lahko se umaknemo v okolje, kjer je manjša koncentracija okoljskih onesnažil, (ii) zaščitimo se lahko s povečanim vnosom antioksidantov. V prispevku bomo predstavili ali se je smiselno z antioksidanti zaščititi pred tistimi okoljskimi onesnažili, ki vplivajo na povečan oksidativni stres organizma. Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are manly formed endogenously during oxidative phosphorylation inside our cells. During this process, energy in the form of ATP is obtained from ingested food. Compounds from the food react with oxygen and carbon dioxide, water and energy are released. More precisely, each molecule of oxygen is reduced in 4 step reaction into water. However, the mentioned reaction is not 100 % efficient due partial reduction of oxygen which leads into formation ROS. Due to their reactivity ROS molecules cause damage to the cell macromolecules. Unfortunately, there is little we can do regarding the formation of ROS from the endogenous source. The second source of ROS-causing damage to human cells originates from the environment we are living. We are constantly exposed to diverse oxidizing products like: ozone, nitrogen oxides, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation (e.g., UVradiation), various pesticides, alcohol, disinfection by-products, cigarette smoke, etc. In the case of exogenous ROS exposure we have partial influence: we can either move to the environment with less ROS-sources or we can protect ourselves with ingestion of antioxidants. In the article, data will be discussed, whether it is reasonable to increase our defense against environmentaly-induced oxidative stress with antioxidants or not. reaktivne kisikove zvrsti okoljska onesnažila antioksidanti reactive oxigen species environmental pollutants antioxidants true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Neznano 2019-11-29 13:37:34 2019-11-29 13:37:36 2022-08-25 03:52:22 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2014 0 0 Str. 19-37 Special edition dec. 2014 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 614:544.431.15 1854-0678 URN:NBN:SI:DOC-6LKLARM1 4796011 216969216 RAZ_Glavan_Uros_2014.pdf RAZ_Glavan_Uros_2014.pdf 1 7575BF03CF431AF5AEB2C55D9DE39D06 52cab0054e29f90d0e04832295cc7932257d31d4c00a790767c61161a59ac6b0 028739d6-a1b8-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=124991 http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-6LKLARM1 1 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=125144 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0