Prepoznavanje in izbiranje spolno stereotipnih igrač otrok v zgodnjem otroštvu

Zidanšek, Sabina (author), Fekonja, Urška (mentor)

Na otrokovo prepoznavanje in izbiranje igrač vpliva več dejavnikov, ki izhajajo iz otroka samega ali pa njegovega okolja (npr. starši, vrstniki). Namen magistrske naloge je bil preučiti, kako otroci v zgodnjem otroštvu prepoznavajo in izbirajo igrače, ki so tipično spolno stereotipne ali nevtralne, ali obstajajo razlike med spoloma ter kako se njihova prepoznava in izbira tipično spolno (ne)stereotipnih igrač povezuje s spolnimi stereotipi njihovih staršev glede prepoznave igrač. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 60 otrok (32 dečkov in 28 deklic), starih od 4,0 do 6,5 let, ter njihovi starši. Starši so izpolnili vprašalnik Razvrščanje igrač glede na spol in Listo igrač, ki jih ima otrok doma, z otroki pa smo individualno izvedli strukturirani pogovor o tem, kdo bi se po njihovem mnenju igral z igračami, ki smo jim jih predstavili, ter ali bi si tudi oni želeli igrati s temi igračami. Rezultati so pokazali, da povezanost med spolnimi stereotipi staršev glede prepoznave igrač in otrokovim prepoznavanjem ter izbiranjem tipično spolno stereotipnih igrač ni pomembna. Dečki in deklice se med sabo pomembno ne razlikujejo v prepoznavanju tipično spolno stereotipnih igrač ter tudi ne v izbiranju igrač, ki so tipično spolno stereotipne za njihov spol, se pa razlikujejo v izbiranju igrač, ki so tipično spolno stereotipne za nasprotni spol – deklice se raje igrajo s tipično deškimi igračami kakor pa dečki s tipično dekliškimi. Glede na poročanja staršev se doma tako dečki kot deklice enako pogosto igrajo z nevtralnimi igračami kakor tudi z igračami, ki so spolno stereotipne za njihov spol. Povezanost med spolno stereotipnostjo staršev glede prepoznave igrač in številom tipično spolno stereotipnih igrač, ki jih imajo otroci doma, se je izkazala za pomembno.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: igrače, spolni stereotipi, otroci, starši, zgodnje otroštvo
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111998
• Publication date in RUL: 19.10.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Children’s identification and selection of gender-specific toys in early childhood

Abstract

The child's identification and selection of toys is influenced by several factors based on the child itself or its environment (e.g. parents, peers). The purpose of this master’s thesis is to examine how children in early childhood identify and select gender-stereotyped or neutral toys, whether there exist gender differences, and how their recognition and choice of gender (non)stereotyped toys is related to their parents' gender stereotypes regarding toy recognition. The study involved 60 children (32 boys and 28 girls) aged 4,0 to 6,5 years and their parents. The parents filled The Classification of Toys Questionnaire and the List of Toys at Home, while we performed an individual structured conversation with the children about who they thought would play with the toys we presented to them and whether they would like to play with these toys as well. The results showed there is no correlation between the gender stereotypes of the parents regarding toy recognition and the identification and selection of gender-stereotyped toys by the child. Boys and girls do not differ in identifying gender-stereotyped toys or in selecting toys which are gender-stereotyped for their gender, but they do differ in choosing toys that are gender-stereotyped for the opposite gender – girls show a higher level of interest in boys' toys as opposed to the level of interest boys show in girls' toys. According to parents' reports, at home boys and girls play with neutral toys as often as with toys that are gender-stereotyped for their own gender. The correlation between parents' gender stereotypes regarding toy recognition and the number of gender-stereotyped toys children have at home was significant.

• Keywords: toys, gender stereotypes, children, parents, early childhood