OKSIDATIVNI STRES PRI RUDARJIH V PREMOGOVNIKU

Zimet, Zlatko (avtor), Bilban, Marjan (mentor)

Rudarji v premogovniku Velenje delajo v pogojih, kjer so koncentracije nekaterih plinov in prašnih delcev v delovni atmosferi bistveno drugačne kot v zunanjem atmosferskem zraku. V premogovniku Velenje je bilo leta 2004 izmerjeno, da je bila v primerjavi z atmosferskim zrakom povečana povprečna koncentracija metana (0,75 vol. %), ogljikovega dioksida (0,7 – 1,5 vol. %, za krajši čas tudi do 5 vol. % ), ogljikovega monoksida (10,7 ppm) ter dimetilsulfida (19,9 ppm). Glede na literaturo je za pričakovati, da bo pri delavcih, ki delajo v pogojih zmerno ali povišanih koncentracij nekaterih plinov (ogljikovega dioksida, ogljikovega monoksida, metana), dimetilsulfida in prašnih delcev, lahko prišlo do povečanega tveganja za prizadetost zdravja, kot posledica povečane tvorbe radikalov, kar privede do oksidativnega stresa. Namen raziskave je bil z meritvami bioloških kazalnikov oksidativnega stresa v krvi, urinu in kondenzatu izdihanega zraka proučiti in ugotoviti ali delo v takšnih pogojih pri rudarjih poveča tvorbo radikalov do take stopnje, da se poruši fiziološko ravnotežje med redukcijsko-oksidativnimi reakcijami in antioksidativno obrambno kapaciteto organizma. Obenem nas je zanimala tudi povezava med koncentracijo svinca v krvi in 8-izoprostanom, kazalnikom oksidativnega stresa. V raziskavo smo vključili 94 rudarjev, ki smo jih razporedili v tri skupine glede na število zaporednih delovnih dni in v kontrolno skupino. Vzorce krvi, urina in kondenzata izdihanega zraka smo preiskovancem odvzeli po zaključenem delovnem dnevu v premogovniku. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so rudarji, ki so delali tri zaporedne dni, imeli v kondenzatu izdihanega zraka višje vrednosti 8-izoprostana, v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino (p< 0,001). V krvi rudarjev so po treh zaporednih delovnih dneh izmerjene višje koncentracije svinca in 8-izoprostana, v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino (p< 0,001). Poleg tega so se vrednosti encimov katalaze (p<0,001), superoksid dismutaze (p<0,001) in skupnega antioksidativnega statusa p<0,001) značilno znižale glede na kontrolno skupino. Posledice povečanega oksidativnega stresa v človeškem telesu so lahko velike, zlasti če oksidativni stres traja daljše obdobje (meseci, leta), pri tem pa je ključni problem, da se klinično manifestirajo šele ob pojavu bolezni. Ugotovitve izvedene raziskave predstavljajo osnovo za izvedbo preventivnih zdravstvenih ukrepov in/ali tehničnih rešitev z namenom zmanjševanja oksidativnega stresa pri rudarjih.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: oksidativni stres, onesnažena delovna atmosfera, rudarji
• Vrsta gradiva: Doktorsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: MF - Medicinska fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-107099
• COBISS.SI-ID: 2048465009
• Datum objave v RUL: 28.03.2019

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: OXIDATIVE STRESS AT MINERS IN THE COAL MINE

Izvleček

Coal miners in the Velenje Coal mine are working in harmful conditions where the concentrations of some gases and dust particles in the working atmosphere significantly differ from those in the external atmospheric atmosphere. In this particular coal mine, in 2004, the measurements showed that the mean concentrations of methane (0.75 vol.%), CO2(0.7 - 1.5 vol.%, for a short time interval up to 5 vol.), CO (10.7 ppm), and dimethyl sulfide (19.9 ppm) were significantly higher when compared to their content in the normal external atmosphere. According to other studies, it is expected that the exposure to conditions of moderate or elevated concentrations of certain gases (carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane), dimethyl sulfide and dust particles presents a higher risk for the health impairment as a consequence of the accelerated formation of free radicals and oxidative stress. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate and measure the biological indicators of oxidative stress in the blood, urine and exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and to determine whether working in conditions of increased content of certain gases in the air, dust particles and lead inhaled by the miners in the coal mine increases the formation of free radicals to such a degree that the physiological balance between oxidative reactions and antioxidant defense capacity is disturbed. In addition, we wanted to investigate the short-term correlation between blood lead levels and oxidative stress generation in coal miners. 94 male coal miners from Velenje Coal mine were selected for the study and were arranged into four groups: three groups according to the number of consecutive working days, and a fourth control group. Our results showed that miners who worked for three consecutive days had higher 8-isoprostane values in EBC compared to the control group. They also had higher blood levels of lead and 8-isoprostane when compared to the control group (P <0.001). Furthermore, the antioxidant levels of TAC (p<0.001), CAT (p<0.001) and SOD (p<0.001) were all significantly decreased compared to a control group. The consequences of oxidative stress in the human body can have extreme proportions. In this regard, the key problem is that they become visible only at the onset of various diseases. The findings of the current research should also present basis for establishment of the necessary preventive health measures and/or technical solutions with the purpose of decreasing oxidative stress in the coal miners.

• Ključne besede: oxidative stresss, polluted working environment, coal miners