Razvoj govora s spodbujanjem razvoja sinaps v možganih po načelih NTC-programa : diplomsko delo

Lampič, Daša (avtor), Skubic, Darija (mentor)

»Vse je odvisno od sinaps,« pravi Ranko Rajović, avtor NTC-programa (Nurture of Talented Children). Za ustvarjanje sinaptičnih povezav med nevroni sta zelo pomembna zgodnje obdobje in stimulativno okolje, česar bi se morali odrasli zelo dobro zavedati, če želimo, da bi otroci v kar največji možni meri razvili svoje biološke danosti in potenciale. (Banjanac, 2013). Pogosto pa se zgodi, da odrasli ne dojamemo pomena iger, kot so vrtenje okoli svoje osi, skakanje, preskakovanje, plazenje, igre za razvoj miselnih procesov ipd., in jim preprečujemo, da jih izvajajo (Rajović, 2015), zato sem se odločila, da v svojem diplomskem delu preizkusim nekatere motorične dejavnosti po načelih NTC-programa, ki spodbujajo razvoj sinaps v možganih, in preverim, kako te vplivajo na razvoj govora pri otroku, starem od 2 do 3 let. Diplomsko delo z naslovom Razvoj govora s spodbujanjem razvoja sinaps v možganih po načelih NTC-programa je sestavljeno iz teoretičnega in empiričnega dela. V teoretičnem delu sem predstavila Kurikulum in medpodročno povezovanje ter se osredotočila na govorno in gibalno področje v predšolskem obdobju. Predstavila sem program NTC-učenje z opisom razvoja programa, metodologije s poudarkom na prvi fazi programa in povezavo s Kurikulom za vrtce (1999). V praktičnem delu sem primerjala dve skupini otrok, starih od 2 do 3 let. V eksperimentalni skupini sem vsakodnevno dva meseca izvajala vaje po načelih NTC-pristopa, ki spodbujajo razvoj sinaps v možganih. V kontrolni skupini dejavnosti nisem izvajala. Osredotočila sem se na telesno-gibalne vaje (vaje rotacije, vaje ravnotežja) in vaje za akomodacijo po načelih NTC-pristopa. Pri načrtovanju in izvajanju dejavnosti sem se držala metodičnega pristopa ter upoštevala naslednja načela in metodo: načelo vsakodnevnega treninga, načelo postopne obremenitve, načelo ponavljanja, načelo zavedanja, načelo jasnosti, načelo vsestranskosti, načelo izobraževalne usmerjenosti ter sintetično ali celovito metodo. Cilj diplomskega dela je z ocenjevalno lestvico govora raziskati, v kolikšni meri telesno-gibalne vaje in vaje za akomodacijo po načelih NTC-pristopa vplivajo na razvoj govora. Pred izvajanjem dejavnosti in po končanih dejavnostih, torej po dveh mesecih, sem z ocenjevalno lestvico govora v obeh skupinah preverila otrokove govorne zmožnosti. Začetne otrokove govorne zmožnosti sem primerjala s končnimi in rezultate interpretirala.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: NTC-program, kurikulum za vrtce, govor v predšolskem obdobju, gibanje v predšolskem obdobju
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Založnik: [D. Lampič]
• Leto izida: 2018
• Št. strani: 57 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-102010
• UDK: 373.2.016:81'233(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 12020041
• Datum objave v RUL: 31.08.2018

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Development of speech by promoting the development of synapses in the brain according to the principles of the NTC programme

Izvleček

"It all depends on the synapses," says Ranko Rajović, the author of the NTC programme (Nurture of Talented Children). To create synaptic connections between neurons, an early period and a stimulating environment are very important, which adults should be very well aware of if we want children to develop their biological potentials as much as possible (Banjanac, 2013). It often happens that adults do not understand the importance of games, such as rotating around the axis, jumping, skipping, crawling, games for the development of thought processes, etc., and prevent the children from performing them (Rajović, 2015), so I decided to test some motor activities in accordance with the principles of the NTC programme that promote the development of synapses in the brain, and to check how these affect the development of speech in a child aged 2 to 3 years. The diploma work entitled Development of speech by promoting the development of synapses in the brain according to the principles of the NTC programme, consists of theoretical and empirical work. In the theoretical part, I presented the curriculum and interdepartmental integration, focusing on the speech and movement area in the pre-school period. I presented the NTC-learning program with a description of the development of the program, a methodology focusing on the first phase of the program and a link to the Kindergarten Curriculum (1999). In the practical part, I compared two groups of children aged 2 to 3 years. In the experimental group, I conducted exercises on a daily basis for two months according to the principles of the NTC-approach, which promote the development of synapses in the brain. I did no exercises with the children in the control group. I focused on physical exercise (exercises of rotation, balance exercises) and accommodation exercises according to the principles of the NTC programme. In planning and implementing the activities, I followed a methodical approach and followed these principles and methods: the principle of daily training, the principle of gradual loading, the principle of repetition, the principle of awareness, the principle of clarity, the principle of versatility, the principle of educational orientation and the synthetic or comprehensive method. The aim of the diploma work is to examine the assessment scale of speech and to find out, to what extent physical and accommodation exercises, according to the principles of the NTC approach, influence the development of speech. I examined the children's speech capabilities with the assessment scale in both groups before the start of the activities and after 2 months. I compared the initial child's speech abilities to the final ones and interpreted the results.

• Ključne besede: speech, pre-school child, govor, predšolski otrok