Nadgradnja sistema za aktivacijo reševalnih služb s prenosom alarmnih sporočil preko interneta

DEŽMAN, TOMAŽ (avtor), Jakus, Grega (mentor)

Magistrska naloga obravnava zanesljiv in varen prenos alarmnih sporočil preko internetnega omrežja v sistemu Intervencije.net. Prenos poteka med odjemalcem, ki sprejema alarme iz svoje okolice, in strežnikom, ki od odjemalca prejeta alarmna sporočila posreduje reševalnim službam ali drugim napravam v sistemu. Za komunikacijo med odjemalcem in strežnikom je uporabljen protokol TCP, ki pa sam zase ne izpolnjuje vseh zahtev, ki so potrebne za varen in zanesljiv prenos alarmnih sporočil. Zato je bilo poleg odjemalca in strežnika treba zasnovati tudi poseben protokol za njuno medsebojno komunikacijo, ki smo ga poimenovali »IntP« . Protokol IntP, po katerem komunicirata strežnik in odjemalec, je dopolnitev standardnih protokolov TCP in IP z mehanizmi za šifriranje podatkov, nadzorom nad komunikacijsko potjo, identifikacijo in overjanjem odjemalca ter usmerjanjem prometa iz strežnika proti odjemalcu za tiste odjemalce, ki se nahajajo v lokalnih omrežjih in s strani strežnika niso neposredno dosegljivi. Odjemalski del je preprosta naprava interneta stvari (ang. Internet of Things, IoT), ki alarmne dogodke iz svoje okolice posreduje strežniku, hkrati pa od strežnika sprejema ukaze in jih posreduje v svojo okolico. Primer zaznavanja alarmnega dogodka je zaznavanje požara z dimnim ali temperaturnim detektorjem, primer posredovanja ukaza pa odpiranje vrat gasilskega doma v primeru intervencije. Strežniški del sprejema zahteve odjemalcev za vzpostavitev povezave, nadzoruje povezavo, sprejema in pošilja podatke odjemalcem ter jih shranjuje v podatkovno zbirko. Strežnik se na podlagi vsebine prejetega sporočila od nekega odjemalca odloči za način obveščanja drugih odjemalcev in uporabnikov sistema. Tako lahko na primer pošlje sporočila SMS članom lokalnega gasilskega društva z vsebino prejetega dogodka. Magistrska naloga je sestavljena iz treh sklopov: v prvem sklopu je na kratko predstavljen sistem Intervencije.net, čemur sledijo predstavitev protokola IntP ter zasnove strežnika in odjemalca. Delo se zaključi s podrobnostmi praktične izvedbe ter testiranja in ovrednotenja strežnika in odjemalca.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: alarm, intervencija, TCP/IP, IoT, protokol, varnost, zanesljivost
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FE - Fakulteta za elektrotehniko
• Leto izida: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101744
• Datum objave v RUL: 02.07.2018

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik

Izvleček

The following master's thesis discusses the reliable and secure transfer of alarm messages through the internet network into and from the »Intervencije.net« system. The transfer takes place between the client receiving alarms from the everyday environment and the server allocating these alarm messages to various emergency services and other devices in the system. Serving as a means of communication between the client and the server is internet, even though internet on its own does not fulfil all the requirements, crucial for a safe and reliable transfer of messages. Hence, it was imperative to establish – next to the initial client and server scheme – the system’s own protocol for emergency mutual communication that we named »IntP« . The Protocol, as used by the client and the server, is a supplementation of standard TCP and IP protocols with: a data encrypting mechanism, communication path controls, client identification and authorization mechanism. Furthermore, the problem of redirecting traffic from server to client for clients from local networks who cannot be reached by the server directly, has been eliminated. The Client part is a simple device of Internet of Things, IoT, transmitting all alarming events from its environment to the server; at the same time, it receives requests from the server, passing them into its surroundings. An example of such is fire detection by a smoke or temperature detector, or the opening of fire station doors during an intervention. The Server part collects client requests for establishing a connection, it controls the connection, receives and sends data from and to the clients, and stores them into a designated database. Based on the content of a received message from a certain client, the server decides upon the manner of notifying other clients and various users of the system. For example, it can send an SMS to all members of the local fire department, alerting them about the content of the reported event. This master's thesis is comprised of three parts: the first part briefly introduces the Intervencije.net system, followed by the introduction of IntP protocol and the design of the client and the server. Master's thesis reaches its conclusion by presenting the details of the practical implementation of the system and the testing as well as evaluation of the client and the server.

• Ključne besede: alarm, intervention, TCP/IP, IoT, protocol, security, reliability