Introduction: Hypotherapy uses the movement of the horse. It is a physiotherapeutic and educational method that uses horse in the framework of an interdisciplinary approach in the field of health, education and riding purposes, aimed at the psychosocial development of people with motor disabilities or special needs. The concept of hypotherapy is based on the similarities in movement between man and horse. The horse represents a dynamic basis, which makes it an excellent therapeutic tool for improving the balance, control and strength of the patients trunk. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the results of research on the effectiveness of hypotherapy on patients after stroke and with multiple sclerosis. Methods: The working method is a literature review. English literature has been searched using the PubMed, PEDro and Cochrane library databases. Results: : The review includes 6 studies. All studies included an experimental and control group. In three studies, the effect of hypotherapy on gait, balance and the like on people after stroke was studied, and in three, the impact on people with multiple sclerosis. People with multiple sclerosis, after hypotherapy had positive effects on the reduction of the step time. Balance and quality of life have also improved. Fatigue and spasticity have been reduced. People after stroke increased walking speed and the step length asymmetry was reduced in the end of hypotherapy. There are positive effects on balance. Discussion and conclusion: In addition to the variety of interventions, makes sense in further research to study the impact of hypotherapy on muscular strength, to assess the impact on spasticity, sensitivity, activities of daily living, and to increase the number of subjects involved. From the literature review, it can be concluded that hypotherapy is a useful complementary therapeutic method for patients after stroke and with multiple sclerosis, but for more solid conclusions, additional research is needed.
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