Učinki apneje na zmogljivost premagovanja maksimalnega napora pri plavanju 50 metrov kravl : magistrsko delo

Zupan, Luka (author), Kapus, Jernej (mentor)

V sprinterskih plavalnih disciplinah morajo plavalci natančno usklajevati potrebo po vdihu zaradi izmenjave plinov na eni strani in željo po čim manjši frekvenci vdihov zaradi prednosti v biomehaniki na drugi. Tekmovalci zato uporabljajo različna vadbena sredstva za premagovanje potrebe po vdihu. Glavni zastavljen cilj v našem delu je bil, ugotoviti učinke apneje, izvedene neposredno pred plavanjem, na zmogljivost premagovanja maksimalnega napora plavalca med plavanjem 50 metrov kravl. Opazovali smo njene učinke na čas plavanja in frekvenco vdihov ter frekvenco zaveslajev med plavanjem. Poleg tega pa tudi na subjektivno zaznavo občutkov napora med plavanjem in utrujenosti po njem. V vzorec je bilo vključenih 18 aktivnih in nekdaj aktivnih plavalcev in plavalk, ki so 50 metrov kravl odplavali dvakrat. Učinke apneje smo opazovali med eksperimentalnim plavanjem (takoj po apneji), v kontrolnem placebo plavanju pa smo med apnejo in plavanjem izvedli 30 minutni odmor. Rezultati so pokazali, da apneja ni imela pomembnih učinkov na čas plavanja, frekvenco zaveslajev in dihanja pri 50 metrov kravl. Ugotovili pa smo, da je apneja učinkovala na subjektivno občutenje napora in utrujenosti, ki sta bila manjša pri eksperimentalnem plavanju neposredno po apneji, v primerjavi s kontrolnim placebo plavanjem.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: plavanje 50 metrov, premagovanje napora, omejitveni dejavniki, dihanje, apneja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-99771
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5279409
• Publication date in RUL: 14.02.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of apnea on performing to restrain maximal exertion in 50 meters front crawl swimming

Abstract

Short race distance swimmers should thoroughly regulate their breathing, because of the exchange of gases, on one side and wish for fewer breaths taken, because of the biomechanical advantages, on other. In addition, competitive swimmers use different practice means to overcome the need for breathing. Aim of our study was to find out the effects of apnea on 50 meters front crawl. Those efffects, observed in our study, were on swimming time, stroke and breathing frequency and subjective perception of exertion during swimming and fatigue after it. 18 competitive and ex-competitive swimmers swum 50 meters front crawl two times. Effects of apnea were observed in experimental swimming. In controled placebo swimming, 30 minute break was made between apnea and test swimming. The results showed that apnea did not affect on swimming time nor on stroke or breathing frequency on 50 meters front crawl. On the contrary, apnea affected on subjective perception of exertion during swimming and fatigue after it. The exertion feelings were lower and swimmers expressed less fatigue in experimental swimming, contrary to control placebo swimming.

• Keywords: 50 meters swimming, overcoming the exertion, restrictive factors, breathing, apnea