Optimizacija tiska dišečih tipnih površin, namenjenih izdelavi tipank na bombažni tkanini

Šerbel, Rebeka (author), Tomšič, Brigita (mentor)

Namen raziskave je bil doseči sinergistično učinkovanje med napihljivo tiskarsko barvo in suspenzijo dišečih mikrokapsul za oblikovanje tridimenzionalnih odtisov, ki bodo ob pritisku sprostili vonj v mikrokapsule ujetih eteričnih olj. Cilj je bil narediti brezformaldehidne odtise višine vsaj 0,45 mm, ki bodo primerni za izdelavo tipnih slikanic za slepe in slabovidne predšolske otroke. Določene so bile ekspanzijske sposobnosti treh izbranih napihljivih tiskarskih barv Minerfoam BI, SR SPEC in NFO (Achitex Minerva, Italija) brez in v prisotnosti vodne suspenzije dišečih mikrokapsul v 5-, 10- in 15-odstotni koncentraciji. Tiskarske barve so bile s tehniko sitotiska nanesene na 100-odstotno bombažno tkanino brez in z naknadnim nanosom odbojne apreture Dynasylan F 8815 (Evonic Degussa AG, Nemčija). Določene so bile debelina odtisov, koncentracija prostega formaldehida, učinkovitost sproščanja vonja iz mikrokapsul, pralna obstojnost, obstojnost na drgnjenje, obstojnost v kislem in alkalnem znoju ter obstojnost na osvetljevanje, kot tudi morfološke lastnosti odtisov ter barvnometrične CIE L*a*b* vrednosti proučevanih vzorcev po dodatku modrega, rdečega in rumenega pigmenta pred pranjem in po njem, obdelavi v kislem in alkalnem znoju, drgnjenju in osvetljevanju. Za izdelavo tridimenzionalnih odtisov v kombinaciji z dišečimi mikrokapsulami je bila najprimernejša napihljiva tiskarska barva Minerfoam BI v prisotnosti 5- oziroma do največ 10-odstotne koncentracije suspenzije dišečih mikrokapsul na maso tiskarske barve. Suspenzija dišečih mikrokapsul v teh koncentracijah je zagotovila izdelavo odtisov primerne višine, ki so izkazali minimalno vsebnost prostega formaldehida in učinkovito sproščanje vonja ob dotiku. Dodatek suspenzije dišečih mikrokapsul je vplival na strukturo odtisov, ki so bili pri nižji koncentraciji bolj elastični in so izkazali boljšo obstojnost vonja po pranju, pri višji koncentraciji pa so bili bolj zbiti in so izkazali boljšo obstojnost vonja po drgnjenju. V 10-odstotni koncentraciji suspenzije dišečih mikrokapsul so proučevani odtisi v prisotnosti pigmentov izkazali dobre do odlične barvne obstojnosti. Nanos odbojne apreture ni bil smiseln, saj ta ni bila pralno obstojna in je poslabšala barvne obstojnosti proučevanih odtisov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: tipanka, slepi in slabovidni otroci, napihljiva tiskarska barva, dišeče mikrokapsule, optimizacija postopka
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-98975
• Publication date in RUL: 15.12.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Optimization of fragranced tactil surfaces intended for producing tactile books on cotton fabrics

Abstract

The aim of the study was to achieve synergistic effect between inflatable pigment paste and fragrance microcapsules for creating three-dimensional prints that will release the fragrance of essential oils during pressure, with the goal to create formaldehyde-free prints of at least 0.45 mm in height, which will be suitable for production of tactile picture books for blind and partially sighted preschool children. Expansion capabilities of three selected expandable printing inks Minerfoam Bi, SR SPEC, and NFO (Achitex Minerva, Italy) were determined, without and with the presence of the fragrant microcapsules water suspenssion in 5, 10, and 15% concentrations. Printing inks were applied to 100% cotton fabric using screen printing technique with and without subsequent application of repellent finishing Dynasylan F 8815 (Evonic Degussa AG, Germany). Following parameters were determined on the studied samples: thickness of the prints, concentration of free formaldehyde, effectiveness of the fragrance release from the microcapsules, washing fastness, resistance to rubbing after different cycles, resistance to acid and alkaline sweat and light fastness. Morphological properties of the prints, as well as the colorimetric CIE L*a*b* values after the addition of blue, red, and yellow pigments, before and after washing, after treatment in acid and alkaline sweat, rubbing and lighting, were also determined. Combination of the Minerfoam BI inflatable printing ink with 5 to maximum 10% concentration of the fragrant microcapsules water suspension on weight of the printing ink was found to be the most suitable for creating the three-dimensional prints. Such combination reflected appropriate thickness of prints, with minimal concentration of free formaldehyde. On pressure, suspension of the fragranced microcapsules in 5 and 10% ensured the efficient release of the fragrance from the prints, though it affected their structure. In lower concentration, the printed ink layer was more elastic, providing better fastness to washing, while in the case of higher concentration the structure became more consisted, reflecting better fastness to rubbing. Prints prepared with the addition of 10% fragranced microcapsules water suspension and pigments reflected good to excellent colourfastness. Application of finishing was not meaningful, since it was not durable and also impaired colourfastness of the studied prints.

• Keywords: tactile picture book, blind and visually impaired children, expandable printing ink, fragranced microcapsules, process optimization