Alternativne sankcije za mladoletne storilce kaznivih dejanj

Lučić, Branka (author), Filipčič, Katja (mentor)

Mladoletne storilce kaznivih dejanj so v kazenskem pravu že od nekdaj obravnavali drugače kot polnoletne osebe. Leta 2008 smo dobili nov kazenski zakonik, in čeprav je od njegove uveljavitve minilo več let, pa vse do danes obstaja potreba po urejenem obravnavanju mladoletnih prestopnikov (storilcev kaznivih dejanj in prekrškov); le-ti še niso dobili svojega zakona, ki bi kazensko mladoletniško materijo urejal v samostojnem, posebnem zakonu, tj. ločeno od kazenske zakonodaje in zakona o prekrških. Z novim Kazenskim zakonikom iz leta 1994 so v slovenski prostor stopile povsem nove možnosti kaznovanja mladoletnikov. Da bi se zakonodajalec izognil »klasičnemu« kaznovanju v postopkih za mladoletnike, je uzakonil 11 novih možnosti za sankcioniranje, saj je bilo takšne težnje zaznati tudi drugod po svetu. Nove možnosti kaznovanja je vnesel brez vnaprejšnjih raziskav in analiz na to temo. Sankciji, kot sta denarna kazen in mladoletniški zapor, namreč zakonodajalec izreka le izjemoma, kar pomeni, da gre za skrajnje primere kaznovanja. Namen magistrskega dela je bil prikazati analizo stanja glede alternativnih sankcij pri mladoletnikih v Sloveniji v zadnjih petih letih. Na splošno lahko ocenimo, da glede na že izvedeno analizo iz leta 2010, ki je zajela obdobje 1995–2009, mladoletniška kriminaliteta v Sloveniji ne narašča, lahko pa tudi ugotovimo, da celo upada. Ker je za Slovenijo značilno uvajanje alternativnih načinov obravnavanja, katerih namen je, da do izreka sankcije ne pride, je bil cilj magistrskega dela tudi ugotoviti, kako je z alternativnimi sankcijami za mladoletne storilce kaznivih dejanj.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Mladoletnik, mladoletniška kriminaliteta, vzgojni ukrep, kazenske sankcije, sankcioniranje mladoletnikov.
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-98196
• COBISS.SI-ID: 15943761
• Publication date in RUL: 23.11.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Alternative sanctions for juvenile offenders

Abstract

The criminal law has always treated juvenile offenders differently from adults. In 2008, Slovenia adopted a new Criminal Code. Although several years have passed since its entry into force and there has been a considerable need for a regulated treatment of juvenile offenders (regardless of whether they committed a criminal or minor offence), Slovenia has not yet passed any autonomous, special law on juvenile offenders that would govern them separately from the criminal legislation and Minor Offences Act. The new Criminal Code adopted in 1994 introduced brand new possibilities for punishing minors. In order to avoid »classical« punishment in juvenile proceedings, the legislator enacted 11 new sanctioning options, following the trend from abroad. The new punishment possibilities were, however, introduced without conducting any relevant research or analysis. The legislator stipulated that »financial penalty« and »juvenile detention« should only be imposed in exceptional cases, thus representing an extreme method of punishment. The purpose of the master’s thesis was to provide an analysis of the situation of alternative sanctions for minors in Slovenia in the last five years. Based on the analysis of the period between 1995 and 2009 carried out in 2010, it can be estimated that the juvenile crime rate in Slovenia is in general not increasing and is even declining. Since Slovenia is characterized by the introduction of alternative methods of treatment aimed at avoiding the imposition of a sanction, the purpose of the master’s thesis was also to explore the alternative sanctions for juvenile offenders.

• Keywords: Minor, juvenile crime, educational measure, criminal sanctions, sanctions for minors.