Kajenje v nosečnosti

Rozman, Tjaša (author), Mivšek, Ana Polona (mentor), Jug Došler, Anita (co-mentor)

Uvod: Kajenje je prav gotovo ena izmed razvad, ki bi jo morali v času nosečnosti opustiti, a raziskave kažejo, da nekatere nosečnice kljub škodljivosti kajenja z njim nadaljujejo. Namen diplomskega dela je proučiti razloge za vedenje žensk z vidika kajenja v času nosečnosti; opredeliti karakteristike žensk, ki v času nosečnosti s kajenjem nadaljujejo, in preveriti znanje teh žensk o posledicah kajenja. Metode: V prvem delu diplomskega dela je uporabljena deskriptivna metoda teoretičnega raziskovanja, ki temelji na osnovi pregleda znanstvene in strokovne literature. Iskanje literature je potekalo s pomočjo brskalnikov DiKUL, CINAHL, Medline, COBISS, ScienceDirect in Google učenjak. Pregledana literatura sega do leta 2004. V drugem delu diplomskega dela je uporabljena kavzalna neeksperimentalna metoda empiričnega raziskovanja, ki temelji na osnovi zbiranja podatkov z anketo. Uporabljen raziskovalni instrument je anketni vprašalnik, ki je bil objavljen na družbenem omrežju Facebook in posredovan prek e-pošte. Podatke je avtorica analizirala in statistično obdelala z orodjem za spletne ankete 1ka. Sodelovanje v raziskavi je bilo anonimno in prostovoljno. Rezultati: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 118 žensk, ki so bile ali so še vedno aktivne kadilke in so bile vsaj enkrat v življenju noseče. V času nosečnosti so s kajenjem najpogosteje nadaljevale mlajše ženske, ženske z nižjo izobrazbo, ženske, katerih partnerji so v času njihove nosečnosti kadili, in ženske, ki so pred zanositvijo pokadile več kot 10 cigaret dnevno. Kot najpogostejši razlog za opustitev kajenja v času nosečnosti so ženske navedle zavedanje, da kajenje škodi otroku (37 %), kot najpogostejši razlog za nadaljevanje s kajenjem v času nosečnosti pa neuspeh pri opuščanju kajenja (36 %). 50 % ali več znanja o škodljivosti kajenja v času nosečnosti je imelo le 39,3 % vseh anketirank. Razprava in zaključek: Ženske pri opuščanju kajenja v nosečnosti potrebujejo večjo podporo, da bi se zmanjšala stopnja neuspeha pri opuščanju kajenja. V proces opuščanja kajenja bi bilo treba vključevati tudi partnerja. Prav tako imajo ženske premalo znanja o škodljivih posledicah kajenja v nosečnosti na potek nosečnosti in plod.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: kajenje, nosečnost, plod, tveganja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-96656
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5347435
• Publication date in RUL: 07.10.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Smoking in pregnancy

Abstract

Introduction: Smoking is definitely a habit that should be discontinued during pregnancy; nevertheless studies show that some pregnant women continue smoking despite its harmful consequences. The aim of the thesis was to study the reasons behind smoking behaviours of women during pregnancy, define the characteristics of women who continue smoking during pregnancy, and test their knowledge of possible consequences of smoking. Methods: In the first part of the thesis, a descriptive method of research was adopted based on a review of scientific and professional literature. Literature search was carried out in the databases: DiKUL, CINAHL, Medline, COBISS, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. Reviewed literature dates back to 2004. In the second part of the thesis, a causal non-experimental method of empirical research was applied supported by a data collection questionnaire survey. The research instrument was a questionnaire that was published on Facebook social network and forwarded by e-mail. Collected data was analysed and statistically evaluated with the help of a tool for online surveys 1ka. Participation in the survey was anonymous and voluntary. Results: In the study, 118 women participated who were or remain active smokers and experienced at least one pregnancy. Women who tended to continue smoking during pregnancy were younger, with lower levels of education, women whose partners smoked during pregnancy and women who smoked more than 10 cigarettes daily before the onset of pregnancy. The women reported that the most common reason for smoking cessation during pregnancy was awareness that it may harm the baby (37 %) whereas the most frequent reason to continue smoking during pregnancy was failure to quit smoking (36 %). Only 39.3 % of all respondents had 50 % or more knowledge on harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy. Discussion and conclusion: Women who wish to stop smoking during pregnancy need more support for the failure rate in smoking cessation to be reduced. The partner should also be included into the process of smoking cessation. Additionally, women possess insufficient knowledge of the harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy on the course of pregnancy and on the foetus.

• Keywords: smoking, pregnancy, foetus, risks