Vpliv oblikovanja stavbnega volumna na energetsko bilanco in osončenost ovoja : diplomska naloga

Bećirević, Sara (author), Košir, Mitja (mentor), Pajek, Luka (comentor)

V svojem diplomskem delu sem analizirala osončenost vertikalnega ovoja in energetsko bilanco stavb. Izbrala sem si 5 različnih modelov stavb, ki se v gradbeništvu največkrat pojavijo. Njihova uporabna površina in prostornina se razlikujejo največ za 1%, tako da so rezultati lažje primerljivi. Analize za vse stavbe so bile opravljene na lokaciji Novo mesto. Trajanje osončenosti sem nato preverila za vseh 5 oblik stavb in za 3 različne pozicije (orientacije) v prostoru, t.j. v smeri jug, jugovzhod in vzhod. Analizo osončenosti sem izvedla s pomočjo programa SketchUp in vtičnika LSS Chronolux ter preverila osončenost v dnevih 21.3., 21.6. in 21.12. Za lažjo primerjavo sem si izbrala analizo s pomočjo utežene osončenosti, ki predstavlja trajanje osončenosti v sorazmerju z osončeno površino stavbnega ovoja. Najbolj osončene so stavbe, ki imajo največjo sprejemno površino v smeri jug. Energetsko bilanco sem preverila za enako količino transparentnih površin vendar 2 različni poziciji na ovoju stavbe. Prva varianta je bila večja količina odprtin na južni strani ovoja, druga varianta pa na vzhodni strani ovoja. Porabo energije za ogrevanje in hlajenje ter solarne dobitke in transmisijske izgube sem določila s pomočjo programa TOST. Najmanjšo porabo energije za ogrevanje in najmanj transmisijskih izgub imajo stavbe s bolj kompaktno obliko oziroma stavbe z manjšim faktorjem oblike. Največ solarnih dobitkov in najmanjšo porabo energije za hlajenje imajo stavbe z nekoliko višjih faktorjem oblike. Ker so razlike med solarnimi dobitki in porabo energije za hlajenje manjše v primerjavi z razliko med porabo energije za ogrevanje in transmisijskimi izgubami, predstavljajo stavbe z manjšim faktorjem oblike najbolj optimalno možnost. To predstavlja stavba 3, ki ima tloris pravokotne oblike, z največjo površino fasade in odprtin usmerjene proti jugu. Največji dejavnik, ki vpliva na vse obravnavane karakteristike, je torej faktor oblike.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: osončenost, energetska bilanca, orientacija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Publisher: [S. Bećirević]
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-96494
• UDC: 535.211:692.232(497.4)(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 8176225
• Publication date in RUL: 02.10.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Influence of building shape design on the energy balance and the solar potential : Graduation thesis

Abstract

In my thesis, I analyzed the solar potential of the vertical envelope and the energy balance of buildings. I have selected 5 different models of buildings that most often appear in construction. Their usable area and volume vary by a maximum of 1%, making the results easier to compare. All buildings were analyzed at Novo mesto. I then checked the duration of solar potential for all 5 forms of buildings and for 3 different positions (orientations) in the space, i.e. in the south, southeast and east direction. I performed the analysis of the isolation using the SketchUp program and the LSS Chronolux plug-in and checked the solar potential in the days 21.3, 21.6. and 21.12. To make it easier to compare, I chose the analysis by means of a weighted isolation, which represents the duration of solar potential in proportion to the solar surface of the building envelope. The buildings with the most solar potential are buildings with a maximum receiving area in the south direction. I checked the energy balance for identical quantity but 2 different positions of transparent surfaces on the building envelope. The first variant was a larger quantity of openings on the south side of the envelope and the second variant on the east side of the envelope. I received the power consumption for heating, cooling, solar gain and transmission losses through the TOST program. The smallest energy consumption for heating and less transmission losses are in buildings with more compact design or buildings with a smaller shape factor. Buildings with a slightly higher shape factor have the most solar gains and the smallest energy consumption for cooling. Since the differences between solar gains and the consumption of energy for cooling are smaller compared to the difference between energy consumption for heating and transmission losses, buildings with a smaller shape factor represent the most optimal option. This is building 3 with a plan view of a rectangular shape with the largest surface of the facade and openings facing the south. The largest factor that affects all the characteristics considered is therefore a shape factor.

• Keywords: solar potential, energy balance, orientation