Miselni procesi pri tekačih na ultramaratonskih preizkušnjah : diplomska naloga

Ahac, Urška (author), Tušak, Matej (mentor)

Cilj diplomskega dela je bil izluščiti glavne miselne vzorce in vodila rekreativnih tekačev na dolge proge. Pri razdaljah, ki segajo v dvakratni maraton in več, je potrebna izdatna mera samomotivacije, slednja pa lahko izvira iz pozitivnih prepričanj ali pa negativnih preteklih travm posameznika. Vsi, ki tečejo na daljše razdalje, imajo za seboj močan psihološki vzvod in naš namen je bil slednje poiskati ter podrobneje opisati. V tem projektu so povzeti rezultati nekaterih raziskav, ki so bile opravljene o tej temi. Miselne procese lahko ubesedimo le do določene mere. Danes vemo, da je v naši podzavesti shranjenih še veliko misli, ki jih ne znamo ubesediti, zelo hitro pridejo in odidejo ter jih največkrat ne znamo niti ujeti. Zato je potrebno biti pri izbiri vprašanj dosleden in previden, hkrati pa morajo doseči svoj namen. Takšna vprašanja so tudi del našega vprašalnika. Duševnost je v biološkem smislu ustrojena na način, da nas hitro opozori na pretirano trošenje energije. Zato je občutenje neprijetnih stanj in notranje opozarjanje, da počnemo nekaj nesmiselnega, povsem logična stvar. Tako vrhunski športniki kot tudi dobri rekreativci se dobro zavedajo, da je treba premagati več stanj neugodja, da pridejo do boljših rezultatov. Človeška bitja nekako naravno počnemo stvari, ki so nam všeč in se izogibamo rečem, ki nam niso. Obstajajo pristopi, ki pomagajo premagati genetsko vgrajena opozorila psihe, da počnemo nekaj, pred čimer se želi telo ubraniti, vendar pa so rekreativcem največkrat neznani, saj so del vrhunskega športa. Tako bolečina pri rekreativnih tekačih preide v zavest in veliko ljudi ne ve, kaj z njo početi. Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo pri razčlenjevanju raziskav in intervju, ki smo ga izvedli z desetimi različnimi slovenskimi ultramaratonci. Pri spraševanju smo zajeli deset slovenskih ultramaratonskih tekačev in tekačic (5 moških in 5 žensk). Na podlagi njihovih odgovorov smo izvedli primerjavo z raziskavami, ki so bile izvedene po drugih državah. Podatke smo analizirali v Microsoft Excelu 2013 (Microsoft, Washington, ZDA) in v statističnem programu IBM SPSS 24 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, ZDA). Vsem trditvam smo naprej izračunali deleže odgovorov. Za primerjavo med spoloma glede na izbrano trditev smo uporabili Mann-Whitneyev test. Vse podatki smo analizirali pri stopnji tveganja 5 % in jih rezultate predstavili v tabelah.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: tek, ultramaraton, super dolgotrajna vzdržljivost, miselni procesi, mentalna vzdržljivost, motivacija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-96411
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5291697
• Publication date in RUL: 02.10.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Runner's thought processes during ultramarathon challenges

Abstract

This thesis aims to map out the main thought processes and principles of long-distance runners. Distances stretching out up to a double marathon or even further require a substantial measure of self-motivation, which may be grounded in positive beliefs or negative past trauma of an individual. All long-distance runners are driven by a strong psychological lever which I plan to identify and describe in detail. In this thesis, I summarize the results of some researches on this topic. Thought processes can be verbalised only to a certain extent. Today we know that our subconscious mind stores many thoughts which we cannot articulate; they rapidly come and go, slipping away before we are able to catch them. This is why we must choose questions consistently and carefully, while making sure they fulfil their purpose. These are the type of questions that I included in my questionnaire. In a biological sense, our mentality is shaped to warn us about overexertion. It is therefore completely logical that we reach uncomfortable states and internal warnings telling us that we are doing something pointless. Top athletes, as well as good recreational athletes, are well aware of the fact that they must conquer several stages of unease in order to achieve better results. It is human nature to engage in what we enjoy and avoid what we don't like. There are approaches that help us defeat the genetically inbuilt warnings of our psyche, hinting that our body is trying to restrain from what we are doing. Recreational athletes mostly don’t know them, since they are a part of professional sports. Pain becomes a part of recreational athletes' consciousness and most individuals don’t know how to handle it. I used the descriptive method for analysing the researches, and conducted interviews with ten Slovene ultramarathon runners (5 men and 5 women). Based on their answers, I drew a comparison with researches done in other countries. We analysed all data in Microsoft Excel 2013 (Microsoft, Washington, USA) and in the Statistical Programme IBM SPSS 24 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). First we calculated the share of answers for all claims. We used the Mann-Whitney U Test to compare genders according to the chosen statement. We analysed all data at a 5% degree of risk and presented the results in the tables.

• Keywords: running, ultramarathon, super long lasting stamina, thought processes, mental endurance, motivation