Pomen mikoriznih gliv za rast in razvoj izbranih vrst trajnic

Vošnjak, Matej (author), Osterc, Gregor (mentor), Likar, Matevž (co-mentor)

Predstavljen je rezultat dvoletnega lončnega poskusa pri ajaniji (Ajania pacifica (Nakai) Bremer & Humphries 'Silver & Gold') in mačji meti (Nepeta racemosa Lam. 'Grog') v steklenjaku Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani. Namen poskusa je bil ovrednotiti vpliv arbuskularno mikoriznih gliv na vegetativno rast in generativni razvoj rastlin. Rastlinam smo ob presajanju dodali inokulum mikoriznih gliv in jih tedensko gnojili z N (40,5 mg N/l substrata), P in K (12 mg K2O/l substrata). V poskusu smo proučevali dva dejavnika, dodatek inokuluma in fosforja, pri slednjem smo vključili 4 ravni gnojenja (Kontrola (K) brez fosforja, P1 (5,2 mg P2O5/l substrata), P2 (10,4 mg P2O5/l substrata) in P3 (20,8 mg P2O5/l substrata). Vsako posamezno varianto smo 5 krat ponovili (skupaj 40 rastlin). Med rastno dobo smo pri rastlinah spremljali rast in razvoj (število in dolžino poganjkov) ter cvetenje (število razvitih socvetij, cvetov in čas cvetenja). Tekom obeh rastnih dob smo analizirali vsebnost rastlinam dostopnega fosforja v substratu, prav tako pa smo na koncu poskusa izmerili vsebnost fosforja v delih ajanije. Spremljali smo tudi mikorizno kolonizacijo korenin, ocenili gostoto arbuskulov, veziklov, svitkov in mikrosklerocijev v koreninskem sistemu, frekvenco segmentov korenine z glivo in splošno intenziteto mikorize. Iz rezultatov smo s statističnim modelom ugotovili, da na dolžino in število poganjkov vpliva čas, medtem ko mikorizne glive in fosfor niso vedno imele statistično značilnega vpliva. V koreninah smo opazili glivne strukture, največ neseptiranih hif. Pri rastlinah z dodanim glivnim inokulumom se kaže tendenca k močnejšemu razvoju cvetov in daljšemu cvetenju, je pa bila stopnja cvetenja pri rastlinah zelo majhna.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: hortikultura, okrasne rastline, trajnice, Nepeta racemosa, Ajania pacifica, mikorizne glive, glivna kolonizacija, gnojenje, fosfor, rast, cvetenje
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [M. Vošnjak]
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-95672
• UDC: 635.9:631.466:631.811.2(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 8790393
• Publication date in RUL: 21.09.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The impact of mycorrhizal fungi for growth and development of selected perennials

Abstract

The results of the two year pot experiment on Ajania pacifica (Nakai) Bremer & Humphries 'Silver & Gold' and Nepeta racemosa Lam. 'Grog', conducted in 2015 at Biotechnical Faculty at the University of Ljubljana are discussed. The main purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth and flowering. Plants have been transplanted in pots to which mycorrhizal inoculum was added, and from then on they were fertilised on a weekly basis with N (40.5 mg N/l substrate), P and K (12 mg K2O/l substrate) fertilizers. In the pot experiment, two factors were studied, addition of mycorrhizal inoculum and addition of phosphorus. Four levels of fertilisation were incorporated in the analysis of addition of phosphorus (Control (K) without phosphorus, P1 (5.2 mg P2O5/l substrate), P2 (10.4 mg P2O5/l substrate) in P3 (20.8 mg P2O5/l substrate). Each of the combinations was repeated five times (40 plants altogether). During the growth season, evaluations of the growth, development (number and length of shoots) and flowering of the plants (number of evolved inflorescences, number of flowers and length of flowering time) were carried out. During the growth season, samples per treatment of the substrate were taken and analysed for the phosphorus content accessible to the plants and phosphorus content in Ajania parts. Also mycorrhizal colonisation was determined through the evaluation of the density of arbuscules, vesicles, coils and dark septate endophytes in root samples, global mycorrhizal intensity, and mycorrhizal frequency in the stained root samples. The results of this study suggest that time has statistically significant influence on the number and length of the shoots, but mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus fertilisation have mostly no statistically significant influence. In the roots of Ajania and Nepeta, some fungi structures were found, mostly non-septate hyphae. The results of the analysis on plants with mycorrhizal inoculum showed a tendency for a more intense flower development and a longer flowering period, although the flowering was very poor.

• Keywords: horticulture, ornamental plants, perennials, Nepeta racemosa, Ajania pacifica, mycorrhizal fungi, fungal colonization, fertilisation, phosphorus, growth, flowering