Ravnanje z odpadki in odpadnimi vodami

Bevk, Marko (author), Avsec, Stanislav (mentor)

Letno na prebivalca pridelamo kar tri tone vseh zvrsti odpadkov, zato je pomembno, da poznamo strategije ravnanja z njimi. Največja prioriteta strategij ravnanja z odpadki je gotovo preprečevanje in zmanjševanje nastajanja odpadkov, ki jih lahko tudi ponovno uporabimo ali iz njih pridobimo energijo. V sklopu strategij ravnanja z odpadki je najmanj zaželen cilj odlaganje le-teh na za to namenjenih odlagališčih. Ne smemo pozabiti na ravnanje z odpadnimi vodami, kar je velikokrat tematika, ki ji namenjamo premalo pozornosti. Voda namreč predstavlja pomemben vir, ki ga lahko, če z njim ne ravnamo pravilno, hitro začne primanjkovati. Odpadne vode je potrebno ustrezno zbirati in jih odvajati s pomočjo ustreznih kanalizacijskih sistemov. Strategije, uporabljene za čiščenje voda, so mehansko, kemijsko, fizikalno-kemijsko in biološko čiščenje. Pri čiščenju odpadnih voda ne smemo pozabiti na to, da je narava sama sposobna očistiti skoraj vse odpadne vode, in prav to samočistilno sposobnost narave za očiščenje onesnaženih voda posnemajo tudi rastlinske čistilne naprave, ki za svoje delovanje ne potrebujejo nobene strojne in elektro opreme. Pomembno je tudi, da smo z vsemi ustreznimi strategijami za ravnanje z odpadki in odpadnimi vodami dovolj zgodaj seznanjeni. V osnovni šoli se tako učenci z odpadki prvič srečajo v prvem razredu pri predmetu spoznavanje okolja. S to tematiko pa se vse do osmega razreda ukvarjajo še pri predmetih naravoslovje in tehnika, naravoslovje, gospodinjstvo ter tehnika in tehnologija. Uveljavljene so tudi dobre prakse v obliki projektov, kot sta Ekošola in Zeleni nahrbtnik, interaktivnih iger, ekskurzij … Uveljavljajo se tudi društva, ki z različnimi predavanji, delavnicami, filmi in projekti poskrbijo za zanimiva izobraževanja o ravnanju z odpadki, tako za mlajše kot tudi za starejše generacije. Vse dobre prakse imajo poudarek na ravnanju z odpadki in prav zato bi bilo v prihodnosti smiselno izdelati nek nov učni model, ki bo poskrbel za učinkovito seznanitev in osveščanje tudi na področju ravnanja z odpadnimi vodami.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: odpadki
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-95571
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11716937
• Publication date in RUL: 21.09.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Waste and wastewater treatment

Abstract

Each of us annually generates more than three tons of waste, so it is important to know the strategies of handling with them. The highest priority strategies for waste management, there is certainly the prevention and reduction of waste generation, which can also be re – used or from them we obtain the energy. The least desirable goal, in the context of the strategies of waste management is the disposal in designated landfills. We must not forget the wastewater treatment, which is often the theme to which we do not pay enough attention. Water is an important resource which can, if do not treat it properly, quickly starts to run low. Wastewater must be collected and vented through the appropriate sewage systems. The strategy used for cleaning water are mechanical, chemical, physically – chemical and biological treatment. From the cleaning of wastewater, we must not forget that nature itself is able to clean almost all of the wastewater and plant cleaning plants are mimicking this self – cleaning ability of nature. Plant cleaning plant for its operation does not need any hardware or electrical equipment. It is also important, that we are introduced to all relevant strategies for the management of waste and wastewater treatment early enough. In primary school the students first meet with the waste in the first class in the subject Get to know the environment. This topic is all the way up to the eighth class engaged even in the subjects Science and Technology, Science, Household and Technique and Technology. Established best practice in the form of projects such as Eco – school and Green backpack, interactive games, field trips. Established are also societies which with a variety of lectures, workshops, films and projects provide an interesting education on the management of waste both for younger as well as older generations. All good practices have a focus on the management of waste and therefore in the future would make sense to design a new learning model where wastewater treatment knowledge will be enriched and awareness will be enhanced.

• Keywords: waste