Vpliv telesne dejavnosti na aterosklerozo : pregled literature

Petkovšek, Andrej (author), Hiti, Nina (mentor)

Uvod: V diplomskem delu smo predstavili telesno dejavnost ter aterosklerozo, ki spada med glavne povzročitelje najpogostejših bolezni srca in ožilja, ter vpliv telesne dejavnosti na aterosklerozo. Veliko število srčno-žilnih in drugih kroničnih nenalezljivih bolezni je lahko preprečenih z zdravim načinom življenja. Pri tem imajo pomembno vlogo medicinske sestre, ki veliko časa preživijo ob pacientih in lahko z ustreznim znanjem vplivajo na ozaveščanje in navade posameznikov ali skupine ljudi. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pregledom literature predstaviti vpliv telesne dejavnosti na aterosklerozo. Poleg tega želimo ugotoviti trajanje, obliko aktivnosti, pogostost in intenzivnosti telesne dejavnosti, ki pozitivno vpliva na preprečevanje in regresijo ateroskleroze. Metoda dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom domače in tuje strokovne literature v bibliografski bazi COBISS ter na ostalih podatkovnih bazah MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed preko oddaljenega dostopa. Uporabili smo tudi gradivo knjižnice Zdravstvene fakultete ter Knjižnice Logatec. Kriteriji so bili strokovni in znanstveni članki, dostopnost člankov s celotno vsebino v slovenskem ali angleškem jeziku, literatura, objavljena v letu 2005 ali kasneje. Rezultati: S kvalitativno analizo člankov smo ugotovili, da redna telesna dejavnost uspešno preprečuje in odpravlja tako klasične kot novejše dejavnike tveganja, ki povzročajo nastanek in napredovanje ateroskleroze, in izboljšuje funkcijo žilne stene pri vseh starostnih skupinah ter telesne zmožnosti oseb s periferno arterijsko boleznijo. Učinkovitost je odvisna od trajanja telesne dejavnosti in porabe energije. Priporočene so vse oblike telesne dejavnosti; le-te naj bodo prilagojene posameznikovim sposobnostim. Razprava in sklep: Redna telesna dejavnost je pomemben dejavnik pri preprečevanju ateroskleroze v vseh obdobjih človekovega življenja. Rezultati kažejo, da redna telesna dejavnost na preventivo in regresijo ateroskleroze vpliva z izboljšanjem zgradbe in delovanjem arterijske stene ter z odpravljanjem dejavnikov tveganja za njen nastanek. Pri izbiri ustrezne telesne dejavnosti moramo biti pozorni na psihično ter fizično stanje posameznika in upoštevati tudi njegove želje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, zdrav življenjski slog, kardiovaskularne bolezni, arterije
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Petkovšek]
• Year: 2017
• Number of pages: 33 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-94812
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5329515
• Publication date in RUL: 07.09.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The impact of physical activity on atherosclerosis : literature review

Abstract

Introduction: The thesis presents physical activity, atherosclerosis which is the world leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and impact of recommended physical activity on atherosclerosis. A large number of cardiovascular and other chronic non-communicable diseases can be prevented with proper action, especially with a healthy lifestyle. Nurses, who spend a lot of time with patients, have an important role. With appropriate expertise they can influence the awareness and attitudes of individuals or groups of people. Purpose: The aim of the thesis is to present on theoretical level the impact of physical activity on atherosclerosis. In addition, we want to determine duration, activities, frequency and intensity of physical activity, which has a positive impact on the prevention and regression of atherosclerosis. Method of work: Method used in this thesis is the descriptive method of studying domestic and foreign literature in mutual COBISS bibliographic base and specialized databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, Nursing center. Professional material from the Medical Faculty Library and Logatec Libary were used. When searching the literature the criteria for professional and scientific articles were access to the entire content of the articles in the Slovenian or English language literature published in 2005 or later. Results: With qualitative analysis of the articles we found that regular physical activity reduces impact of risk factors that lead to formation and progression of atherosclerosis and improves function of blood vessels in all age groups. Effectiveness depends on the duration of physical activity and energy consumption. All forms of physical activity are recommended, which should be adapted to the individual's abilities. Discussion and conclusion: Regular physical activity is an important factor in the prevention of atherosclerosis in all ages of human life. The results show that regular physical activity improves the structure and function of the arterial wall, and eliminates risk factors for developing atherosclerosis. In the selection of appropriate physical activity, we should pay attention to psychological as well as physical condition of the individual.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, healthy lifestyle, cardiovascular diseases, arteries