Razlike v izbranih morfoloških in gibalnih dejavnikih med smučarskimi skakalci in nordijskimi kombinatorci – mladinska kategorija : diplomsko delo

Pograjc, Manja (author), Jošt, Bojan (mentor), Ulaga, Maja (co-mentor)

Namen diplomskega dela je bilo ugotoviti ali obstajajo razlike v izbranih morfoloških in gibalnih dejavnikih med smučarskimi skakalci in nordijskimi kombinatorci. V raziskavo je bilo zajetih 20 smučarjev skakalcev in 7 nordijskih kombinatorcev, starih od 16 do 20 let. Meritve so bile izvedene 23. 10. 2015 in 6. 11. 2015 na Fakulteti za šport. Pri morfoloških dejavnikih je bilo ugotovljeno, da do statistično značilnih razlik med smučarskimi skakalci in nordijskimi kombinatorci prihaja v indeksu telesne mase (BMI) (t = -3,25; p = 0,00) in morfološkem indeksu plovnosti (t = 2,55; p = 0,02). Nordijski kombinatorci so imeli v povprečju za 1,5 kg/m2 višjo vrednost indeksa telesne mase. Smučarski skakalci so imeli za 58,1 enot višji povprečni morfološki indeks plovnosti. Pri spremenljivkah z neznačilnimi razlikami je bilo ugotovljeno, da so bili smučarski skakalci v povprečju za 3 kg lažji, 2,1 cm višji, imeli za 1,2 cm daljše roke in za 1,7 cm manjši obseg stegna glede na nordijske kombinatorce. Drugje so bile razlike med obema skupinama neznatne. Pri gibalnih dejavnikih pa je bilo ugotovljeno, da se smučarski skakalci in nordijski kombinatorci statistično značilno razlikujejo v bočnem ravnotežju (t = 2,43; p = 0,02) in v preskakovanju ovir (t = -3,11; p = 0,01). V povprečju so bili smučarski skakalci precej boljši v bočnem ravnotežju (t = 2,43; p = 0,02) in imeli so za 0,3 sekund hitrejši povprečni čas pri preskakovanju ovir (t = -3,11; p = 0,01). Pri ostalih spremenljivkah do statistično značilnih razlik ni prihajalo. Večje razlike so bile opažene še pri skoku v daljino z mesta (pri skakalcih v povprečju za 4,71 cm daljši skoki), pri ravnotežju frontalno (za 4,35 sekund boljši skakalci) in pri gibljivosti v bokih (1,24 cm boljši skakalci). Pri drugih spremenljivkah so bile razlike neznatne. Zaključili smo, da med smučarskimi skakalci in nordijskimi kombinatorci res prihaja do razlik v morfoloških in gibalnih dejavnikih. Pri nekaterih testih so bile razlike statistično značilne, pri večini ostalih pa so bile neznatne. Nordijski kombinatorci morajo biti dobri smučarji skakalci in tudi dobri v smučarskem teku, zato je njihova morfološka in gibalna profiliranost samo delno podobna smučarjem skakalcem.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: smučarski skoki, nordijska kombinacija, morfološki in gibalni dejavniki
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-94484
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5167537
• Publication date in RUL: 31.08.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Differences in selected morphological and locomotor factors among ski jumpers and Nordic combine athletes – youth category

Abstract

The basic aim of this research was to find out if there is a difference in selected morphological and locomotor factors among ski jumpers and Nordic combined athletes. The study tested 20 ski jumpers and 7 Nordic combined athletes aged between 16 and 20 years old. Testing took place on 23rd of October 2015 and 6th of November 2015 at the Faculty of Sport. Morphological factors showed that the biggest two statistical differences between both groups were in body mass index (BMI) (t = -3.25; p = 0.00) and in morphological index of aerodynamics. Nordic combined athletes had 1.5kg/m2 higher body mass index. On the other hand, ski jumpers had 58.1 units higher average morphological index of aerodynamics. Tested variables with smaller differences found out that ski jumpers are on average 3 kg lighter, 2.1 cm taller, have 1.2 cm longer upper limbs and 1.7 cm smaller thigh circumference compared to Nordic combined athletes. Other tests did not show notable differences. While testing locomotor factors it was found out that the biggest two statistical differences between the two groups are in lateral balance (t = 2.43; p = 0.02) and hurdle jumping (t = -3.11; p = 0.01). Ski jumpers in average scored better in lateral balance (t = 2.43; p = 0.02) and had 0.3 seconds better time in hurdle jumping (t = -3.11; p = 0.01). Other tests did not show statistically significant differences. Significant differences were observed in long jump (ski jumpers got 4.71 cm longer jumps), frontal balance (ski jumpers better for 4.35 sec.) and in hip mobility (ski jumpers 1.24 cm better). Other variables showed insignificant differences. We concluded that there are differences between ski jumpers and Nordic combined athletes’ selected morphological and locomotor factors. Some tests showed significant differences, while others were insignificant. Nordic combined athletes also have to be good ski jumpers and that is the reason their morphological and locomotor profiles is quite similar to ski jumpers.

• Keywords: ski jumping, Nordic combined, morphological and locomotor factors