Doživljanje babiške obravnave z vidika žensk treh generacij : diplomsko delo

Peteh, Tea (author), Skubic, Metka (mentor), Drglin, Zalka (comentor)

Uvod: Obporodna obravnava se je skozi zgodovino spreminjala. Ključne spremembe je doživela po drugi svetovni vojni, ko so se porodi začeli premikati iz domačega okolja v porodnišnice. Porod je takrat postal medikaliziran, danes pa se nasprotno stremi k čim bolj humaniziranemu porodu. K takemu porodu sodijo med drugim tudi kontinuirana obravnava in stalna prisotnost babice ob porodu, vodilna strokovnjakinja za spremljanje nizko rizičnih nosečnic, porodnic in otročnic pa je babica. Babica potrebuje za svoje delo poleg znanja še marsikatero osebnostno lastnost, zaradi katere lahko z žensko vzpostavi korekten in partnerski odnos. Namen: Za izbrani naslov diplomskega dela smo se odločili, saj se nam zdi pomembno ugotoviti, kako so ženske različnih generacij doživljale svoje porodne izkušnje. Namen diplomskega dela je na teoretični ravni predstaviti kratek pregled zgodovine razvoja babištva ter na empirični ravni preveriti doživljanje babiške obravnave z vidika žensk treh generacij, ki so rojevale v različnih obdobjih razvoja babištva v Sloveniji. Metode: Pri pisanju diplomskega dela smo uporabili kvalitativno obliko raziskovanja ter študij domače in tuje literature. Izvedli smo polstrukturirane intervjuje. V raziskavo so vključene tri ženske, ki so imele vsaj eno izkušnjo poroda, rodile pa so v razmiku približno 20 let, od leta 1950-2010, in so med seboj v sorodstvenem razmerju. Dobljene rezultate smo analizirali s kvalitativno vsebinsko analizo s pomočjo odprtega kodiranja in kategoriziranja besedila, nato pa jih med seboj primerjali in podkrepili z izsledki različnih raziskav. Vsa literatura je pridobljena s pomočjo vzajemne kataloške baze podatkov COBISS ter preko spletnih podatkovnih baz DiKUL, Science Direct, Cochrane Library in Google Učenjak. Rezultati: Babica je po mnenju žensk vodilna strokovnjakinja obporodne obravnave. Ženske, ki so imele možnost kontinuirane babiške obravnave ali pa so babico ob porodu vsaj poznale, so s tem zadovoljne, ostale pa bi si tega želele. Vse tri so izrazile željo po večji prisotnosti babice v času poroda. Babica mora biti po njihovem mnenju prijazna, empatična, komunikativna, imeti mora znanje in znati mora vzpostaviti partnerski odnos s porodnico. Razprava in zaključek: Kriteriji za vrednotenje obporodne obravnave so pri vseh treh ženskah podobni, bile pa so deležne tudi podobne obporodne obravnave. Prav tako imajo podobno mnenje o tem, katere so lastnosti babice, prisotne pri porodu, ki se jim zdijo pomembne. Njihov ideal obporodne obravnave je kontinuirana babiška obravnava.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zgodovina babištva, humaniziran porod, kontinuirana babiška obravnava, lastnosti babice
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-92873
• COBISS.SI-ID: 3964389
• Publication date in RUL: 06.07.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Midwifery care, experienced from aspects of women of three generations : qualitative research

Abstract

Introduction: Perinatal care changed throughout history. The key changes were made after World War II, when childbirth was moved out of the domestic environment into maternity hospitals. This when childbirth became medicalised, but today a more humanized approach is strived to. A continuative treatment and the constant presence of a midwife during childbirth are elements of such a delivery. The midwife is the leading expert in monitoring low-risk pregnancies of expectant mothers, birthing mothers and neonatal mothers. Besides knowledge, the midwife also needs many a personality trait, which enables him/her to establish an appropriate and partner relation. Objective: The objective of this work is to shortly present the development of midwifery in theory and then with the help of semi-structured interviews offer an in-depth insight in the individual experiences and evaluation of a midwife as a birth assistant, midwife natal care and to present the ideal midwife practices. The intention is to establish how the evaluation, the midwife ideals and the midwife practises changed with the interviewees of three different generations. Method: A descriptive method and qualitative research was applied. Semi-structured interviews were carried out. The research includes three women who have had a least one birthing experience, and delivered in the span of approximately twenty years, between the years 1950 and 2010, and are in a family relation. The collected results were analysed with a qualitative content analysis with the help of open coding and categorising. They were then compared and corroborated with foundings from other executed research. All literature was acquired with the help of the union catalogue database COBISS and from internet-based databases DiKUL, Science Direct, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. Results: According to the opinions of the women, the midwife is the leading expert in natal care. Women who had the option of a continuative midwife natal care or at least knew the midwife during childbirth, are pleased with this, others wished for this option. All there interviewees expressed the wish for more involvement of the midwife during childbirth. Bestow their opinion, the midwife has to be kind, emphatic, communicative, has to have the appropriate knowledge and has to be able to establish a partner relation with the birthing mother. Discussion and conclusion: the criteria for evaluating the natal care were similar in all three women. They all had similar perinatal care. They also have a similar opinion on why they think the presence of the midwife during childbirth is important. Their ideal natal care is the continuity of midwifery care.

• Keywords: history of midwifery, humanized childbirth, continuity of midwifery care, midwife characteristics