Genotipizacija glive Pneumocystis jirovecii izolirane iz kužnin bolnikov s pnevmocistozo

Robič, Erika (author), Keše, Darja (mentor), Šoba, Barbara (comentor)

Gliva Pneumocystis jirovecii je oportunistični patogen, ki povzroča pnevmocistozo (PCP) pri imunokompromitiranih bolnikih. Človek je njen edini gostitelj, med ljudmi se prenaša z aerosoli. PCP se pojavlja predvsem v bolnišničnem okolju, kjer lahko prihaja tudi do izbruhov. Za razumevanje epidemioloških značilnosti glive se v današnjem času uporabljajo genotipizacijske metode, predvsem genotipizacija na podlagi zaporedij več lokusov ali MLST (angl. Multilocus Sequence Typing). V naši raziskavi smo glivo pri bolnikih s PCP genotipizirali na podlagi petih lokusov: DHPS, ß-tubulin, mt26S rRNA, CYB in SOD. V raziskavo smo vključili 73 respiratornih vzorcev 53 bolnikov, ki smo jih prejeli od januarja 2012 do decembra 2014. Glivo smo uspešno genotipizirali pri 40 vzorcih 32 bolnikov. Ugotovili smo 15 različnih sekvenčnih tipov P. jirovecii, ki se razvrščajo v sedem genotipskih skupin. Na podlagi te genotipizacije in dostopnih epidemioloških podatkov o pregledanih bolnikih predvidevamo, da med leti 2012 in 2014 na oddelkih Onkološkega inštituta Ljubljana in klinikah Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Ljubljana ni bilo izbruhov PCP, vendar ne moremo izključiti nekaj posameznih prenosov med bolniki. Za razjasnitev le-teh bi potrebovali dodatne epidemiološke podatke o bolnikih.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: bolezni dihal, pljučnica, patogene glive, pnevmocistoza, Pneumocystis jirovecii, bolnišnične okužbe, genotipizacijske metode, genotipizacija, metoda MLST, sekvenčni tipi, kužnine bolnikov, imunokompromitirani bolniki
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [E. Robič]
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-92650
• UDC: 616.24:582.282.11:57.088.7
• COBISS.SI-ID: 33298649
• Publication date in RUL: 24.06.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Genotyping of Pneumocystis jirovecii isolated from samples of patients with pneumocystosis

Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic fungi pathogen that causes pneumocistosis (PCP) in immunocompromised patients. Humans are its only host and it is transmitted among people by aerosols. PCP occurs primarily in hospital settings where it can also cause an outbreak. Genotyping methods are nowadays used for better understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of fungi, particularly multi locus genotyping (MLST). In our study we used clinical samples from patients with PCP and did MLST with five loci: DHPS, ß-tubulin, mt26S rRNA, CYB and SOD. Study included 73 respiratory samples of 53 patients received from January 2012 to December 2014. We managed to successfully genotype 40 samples of 32 patients. We found 15 different sequence types of P. jirovecii which were separated in seven genotype groups. Based on the genotyping results of fungi and epidemiological data that was available on patients we assume that during the years 2012 to 2014 in clinics / hospital wards where we received samples from, there were no outbreaks of PCP. There was only some individual transmissions between patients and to clarify these we would need additional epidemiological data on patients.

• Keywords: respiratory diseases, pneumonia, pneumocistosis, Pneumocystis jirovecii, hospital outbreaks, genotyping methods, genotyping, MLST method, sequence type, samples of patients, imunocompromised patients