Učinkovitost fizioterapevtskih postopkov pri subakutnem zvinu gležnja : pregled literature

Tence, Sara (author), Hlebš, Sonja (mentor), Palma, Polona (comentor)

Uvod: Zvin gležnja spada med najpogostejše poškodbe v aktivni populaciji ljudi. Učinkovita uporaba fizioterapevtskih postopokov po zvinu gležnja je ključnega pomena, da se preprečijo kronične težave, kot so bolečina, otekanje ali slabša gibljivost sklepa ter občutek nestabilnosti v gležnju. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil sistematično pregledati raziskave, ki so primerjale učinkovitost različnih fizioterapevtskih postopkov, ki se uporabljajo pri subakutnem zvinu gležnja. Metode dela: Literatura je bila zbrana s podatkovnimi bazami PEDro, Pub Med, ScienceDirect in Cinahl, omejena na iskanje v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Pri pregledu literature smo upoštevali le randomizirane kontrolirane raziskave z oceno po PEDro lestvici šest ali več. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih osem randomiziranih kontroliranih raziskav, ki so bile objavljene od leta 2007 do leta 2015. V raziskavah so preučevali učinke naslednjih fizioterapevtskih postopkov: manualne terapije, vadbe za ravnotežje in propriocepcijo, vadbe proti uporu, pliometrične vadbe in proprioceptivno nevromuskularno facilitacijo. Obravnave so trajale od štiri dni do sedem mesecev in so se izvajale enkrat do sedemkrat na teden po 20 do 30 minut. Na podlagi rezultatov je razvidno, da so bili v vseh raziskavah fizioterapevtski postopki učinkoviti pri obravnavi subakutnega zvina gležnja. Zmanjšala se je bolečina, povečala se je stabilnost gležnja, mišična jakost in gibljivost. Izboljšala sta se tudi ravnotežje in propriocepcija ter funkcija med izvajanjem vsakodnevnih dejavnosti. Razprava in sklep: Na podlagi rezultatov pregledanih raziskav ugotavljamo, da ni le en fizioterapevtski postopek učinkovit pri obravnavi subakutnega zvina, temveč je smiselna uporaba različnih vadbenih programov v kombinaciji s postopki manualne terapije. Hkrati pa moramo tudi upoštevati, da so dobljeni rezultati raziskav delno lahko tudi posledica spontanega okrevanja med potekajočimi raziskavami, saj je tudi v nekaterih kontrolnih skupinah prišlo do delnega izboljšanja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zvin gležnja, kinezioterapija, manualna terapija, vadbeni program po zvinu gležnja, nestabilnost gležnja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-92593
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5274987
• Publication date in RUL: 17.06.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of physiotherapy procedures on subacute ankle sprain : literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Ankle sprain is one of the most common injuries in the active population. Effective physiotherapy procedures are very important to prevent chronic ankle disorders, such as pain, swelling, restricted range of motion or feelings of giving way and perceived ankle instability. Purpose: The dissertation is focused on literature review of randomised controlled trials, which compared effects of different physiotherapy procedures that are recommended after subacute ankle sprain. Methods: Literature was selected in Internet databases PEDro, Pub Med, ScienceDirect and Cinahl and were limited to a search of Slovenian and English languages. For the literature review we consider only randomised controlled trials with six or more scores in the PEDro scale. Results: In the literature review were included eight randomised controlled trials, that were published between years 2007 and 2015. Researches included the following physiotherapy procedures: manual therapy, resistance training, techniques of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, balance and proprioceptive training and plyometric training. Studies differentiate for the length of duration (for four days to seven months); for the times of the executed physiotherapy procedures (once to seven times per week); and for the duration of the physiotherapy procedures (20 to 30 minutes). Based on the results of these randomised controlled trials is evident that all physiotherapy procedures were effective in treating subacute ankle sprain. These are the benefits on the ankle: reduced pain, improved perception of stability, restored range of motion, increased strength, a better balance, proprioception and a more functional performance of daily living. Discussion and conclusion: Based on the studies we can suppose that the most effective procedure does not consist in one physiotherapy procedure, but it is more effective to treat ankle sprain when applying training programs with manual therapy. At the same time, we have to take into account, that dissertation's results can be the consequence of spontaneous recovery during ongoing researches, since in some control groups partial improvements were noticed.

• Keywords: ankle sprain, kinesiotherapy, manual therapy after ankle sprain, ankle sprain rehabilitation, ankle instability