Možnosti gojenja zemeljskega oreška (Arachis hypogaea L.) v osrednji Sloveniji in v Vipavski dolini

Žgur, Tanja (author), Žnidarčič, Dragan (mentor)

Raziskavo z zemeljskim oreškom (Arachis hypogaea L.) smo opravili na Laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete na nadmorski višini 300 m (φ = 46° 03′ 0″; λ = 14° 31′ 0″) v Ljubljani in na družinski kmetiji v Podragi na nadmorski višini 300 m (φ = 45° 50′ 00″; λ = 13° 58′ 0″) v Vipavski dolini. V poskus, ki smo ga zasnovali s sadikami, smo vključili zemeljski orešek tipa 'Valencia'. Na stalno mesto so bile rastlinice na obeh lokacijah ročno presajene 10. 6. 2012, v fazi razvoja od 4. do 5. pravega lista, na razdaljo 0,4 x 0,4 m. Nastop tehnološke zrelosti smo ocenili vizualno. Rezultati meritev višine rastlin so pokazali, da so bili grmički na Laboratorijskem polju v Ljubljani v povprečju nižji in da so imeli manj listne mase v primerjavi z grmički na družinski kmetiji v Podragi. Rastline iz Laboratorijskega polju so imele večje število širših in krajših strokov. Masa strokov iz Podrage je v povprečju dosegala 18,1 g/rastlino, medtem ko so stroki iz Ljubljane v tem parametru zaostajali za 11,7 g/rastlino. Masa semen iz Laboratorijskega polja je dosegala 35,1 g/rastlino, medtem ko je masa semen iz Podrage dosegala 77,1 g/rastlino. Tako glede potencialnega pridelka lahko sklepamo, da bi bila lokacija v Podragi primernejša za pridelovanje zemeljskega oreška. Zemeljski oreški, ki so bili pridelani v Ljubljani so vsebovali več nasičenih maščobnih kislin (11,96 mg/100 g SS) kot oreški, ki so rasli v Podragi (8,53 mg/100 g SS). Nasprotno pa so oreški iz Ljubljane vsebovali manj večkrat nenasičenih maščobnih kislin (20,85 mg/100 g SS) kot oreški, ki so rasli v Podragi (24,43 mg/100 g SS).

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vrtnarstvo, zemeljski orešek, gojenje, pridelek, maščobne kisline
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [T. Žgur]
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-92562
• UDC: 633.852.52:634.58:631.559(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 8736889
• Publication date in RUL: 14.06.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The possibilities of cultivation groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) in central Slovenia and in Vipava valley

Abstract

The research with the groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) was performed on the Laboratory field of the Biotechnical Faculty at an altitude of 300 metres (φ = 46° 03′ 0″; λ = 14° 31′ 0″) in Ljubljana, and at a family farm in Podraga at an altitude of 300 metres (φ = 45° 50′ 00″; λ = 13° 58′ 0″) in the Vipava valley. The experiment, which was planned with seedlings, included the groundnut of the ‘Valencia’ type. All seedlings were manually transplanted into the fields on both locations on 10th June 2012, in the growth phase from 4th to 5th true leaf on the distance of 0.4 x 0.4 m. The achievement of the technological ripeness was estimated visually. The results of the measurements of plant’s height showed that the average height and leaf mass of the shrubs located on the Laboratory field in Ljubljana was lower compared to shrubs at the family farm in Podraga. The plants from the Laboratory field had a higher number of wider and shorter shells. The average mass of the shells from Podraga reached 18.1 g per plant while the shells from Ljubljana lag behind in this parameter for 11.7 g per plant. The mass of the seeds from Laboratory field reached 35.1 g per plant while the mass of the seeds from Podraga reached 77.1 g per plant. Thus the conclusion about the potential harvest can be that the location in Podraga is more suitable for harvesting of the groundnut. The groundnuts harvested in Ljubljana contained more saturated fatty acids (11.96 mg/100g SS) than groundnuts that grew in Podraga (8.53 mg/100 g SS). On the contrary, the groundnuts from Ljubljana contained less polyunsaturated fatty acids (20.85 mg/100 g SS) than the groundnuts that grew in Podraga (24.43 mg/100 g SS).

• Keywords: vegetable growing, groundnuts, growth, yields, fatty acids