Socialne mreže starostnikov v institucionalnem varstvu in vloga medicinske sestre : pregled literature

Hiter, Andreja (author), Pajnič, Manca (mentor)

Uvod: V tradicionalni družbi je za opešanega starostnika skrbela njegova družina, danes pa se struktura družbe in družin spreminja. Vzdrževanje globljih socialnih odnosov je ključno za starostnikovo psiho-fizično zdravje in kakovost življenja. Pomen medosebnih odnosov in socialnih stikov ostane enak tudi po selitvi v institucionalno varstvo. Namen: V diplomskem delu smo želeli ugotoviti, kakšni so učinki socialnih mrež na psihično stanje starostnikov, kakšna je vloga svojcev pri kakovostnem socialnem življenju starostnikov in kakšna je vloga medicinske sestre pri vzpostavljanju socialne mreže starostnika v institucionalnem varstvu. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda s pregledom literature. Literaturo smo iskali med majem in oktobrom 2016, z uporabo podatkovnih baz CINAHL, Medline, SocINDEX in Academic Search Complete. Rezultati: Raziskovanje razvoja socialnih mrež pri starostnikih je razkrilo veliko pozitivnih učinkov na zdravje in kakovost življenja starostnika. Svojci starostnikov v institucionalnem varstvu morajo razumeti, da so starejši ljudje zadovoljni, če imajo ohranjene socialne stike, ki jim dajejo občutek varnosti. Medicinska sestra, ki razume, kako nujno je ohraniti produktivno socialno vključenost starostnika tudi v institucionalnem varstvu, lahko strateško načrtuje aktivnosti zdravstvene nege za promocijo družbenih vlog vsakega posameznega oskrbovanca. Razprava in sklep: Kakovost starostnikove socialne mreže lahko merimo na različne načine, egocentrično ali sociocentrično. Na njeno sestavo vplivajo: spol starostnika, kultura in skupnost iz katere starostnik izhaja, lokacija institucije, članstvo starostnika v klubih ali društvih, starost, prisotnost partnerja. Medicinska sestra mora imeti predvsem dovolj časa za vsakega starostnika, da lahko opazi, kaj potrebuje za dobro psihosocialno funkcioniranje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: socialna mreža, staranje, dom starejših občanov, kakovost življenja, medicinska sestra
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-89109
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5226859
• Publication date in RUL: 16.02.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Social networks of seniors in institutional care and the role of nurse : literature rewiev

Abstract

Introduction: In a traditional society frail seniors were taken care of by members of their family, but social and familial structures have changed. Nurturing deeper social relationships is key for a senior's health and quality of life and the meaning of such relationships remains the same even after relocating to a nursing home. Purpose: This diploma work has aimed to list the effects of social networks on psychological status of seniors and to determine the roles of relatives in a successful social life of the senior. We also wanted to discover the role of the nurse in maintaining a senior’s social network in institutional care. Methods: A descriptive method was used by reviewing the current literature. A database search was conducted between May 2016 and October 2016. CINAHL, Medline, SocINDEX and Academic Search Complete were searched in the process. Results: Researcing social networks in seniors has shown many positive effects on the health and quality of life of seniors. The relatives of seniors living in institutional care need to understand that seniors are content if they retain the social contacts with people that give them a sense of security. A nurse that understands the importance of maintaining a productive social inclusion of her elderly clients can strategically plan nursing activities to promote productive social roles of every individual senior in her care. Discussion and conclusion: The quality of a senior's social network can be measured in different ways, egocentrically or sociocentrically. The social network map will be influenced by senior's age and gender, his culture and previous community, the location of the nursing home, club or society memberships, the presence of a life partner. A nurse needs to dedicate enough time for each senior in order to notice what they need for optimal psychosocial functioning.

• Keywords: social network, aging, nursing home, quality of life, nurse