Introduction: The use of drains has been documented since the times of Hippocrates. Drain represents an important and effective method of reducing postoperative complications and mortality. An important task of abdominal drain is the removal of blood and thus preventing the emergence of infections, thereby also enabling better healing of surgical wounds. In the period after the operation, nurses are responsible for professional drain and surgical wound management and fixation of the drain. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to present the theory of the impact of abdominal drain on the basic life activities and the roles of nurses taking care of patients with inserted abdominal drain. Methods: We used a descriptive method with a review of the domestic and foreign professional literature. We limited the age of the literature to 12 years, from 2005 to 2017. Literature is derived from the databases CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE and COBISS.SI. Discussion and conclusion: The abdominal drain most affects the basic life activities of breathing normally, eating and drinking, eliminating body wastes, moving and maintaining a desirable position, sleep and rest, avoiding dangers in the environment, learning and gaining knowledge, communicating with others in expressing emotions and personal hygiene and neatness. It is important that the nurse knows how to properly handle an abdominal drain and thus contributes to the effective recovery of the patient, and his earlier discharge from hospital.
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