Hemoroidi v nosečnosti in vloga medicinske sestre : pregled literature

Dolinar, Martina (author), Malnaršič Raškovič, Rosanda (mentor)

Uvod: Nosečnost in vaginalni porod predisponirajo razvoj hemoroidov pri ženskah zaradi hormonskih sprememb in povečanega intraabdominalnega pritiska. Ocenjuje se, da je incidenca hemoroidov v nosečnosti med 25 % in 35 %, v določenih populacijah tudi do 85 %. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti hemoroide na splošno in hemoroide v nosečnosti ter opisati vlogo medicinske sestre pri obravnavi nosečnic z hemoroidi. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela, s pregledom domače in tuje strokovne in znanstvene literature. Pri iskanju literature je zajet časovni okvir objav od leta 2000 do 2016. Zbiranje literature je potekalo preko vzajemne bibliografsko-kataložne baze podatkov COBIB.SI in v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL ter Medline. Uporabljena je bila angleška in slovenska literatura. Razprava in sklep: Znano je, da tudi majhne težave v nosečnosti delujejo stresno ter da vplivajo na fizično in čustveno blagostanje žensk skozi prehod v materinstvo. Obstipacija in hemoroidi so med najbolj pogostimi težavami, ki lahko nastanejo ali se poslabšajo v času nosečnosti in puerperija. Zaradi neprijetne narave teh obolenj, ženske velikokrat ne iščejo pomoči medicinske sestre ali zdravnika in lahko jemljejo obstipacijo in hemoroide kot nekaj normalnega. Vendar se nezdravljeni hemoroidi in obstipacija lahko poslabšajo, kar lahko vodi v doživljenjske težave. Kot profesionalke in v stalnem stiku s pacientkami so medicinske sestre ključne pri zagotavljanju prebavnega ugodja skozi pomoč pri razkritju težav, zdravstveni vzgoji, hitri napotitvi k strokovnjaku, in pri zagotavljanju ustrezne obravnave.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: obstipacija, hemoroidalna bolezen, dejavniki tveganja, odvajalne navade, preventiva
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-88913
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5231723
• Publication date in RUL: 31.01.2017

DOLINAR, Martina, 2017, Hemoroidi v nosečnosti in vloga medicinske sestre : pregled literature [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 21 June 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=88913

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Hemorrhoids in pregnancy and the role of nurse : literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy and vaginal delivery predispose development of hemorrhoids in women due to hormonal changes and the increased intra-abdominal pressure. It is estimated that the incidence of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is between 25 % and 35 %, in some populations also to 85 %. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to present hemorrhoids in general, hemorrhoids during pregnancy and to describe the role of nurse in the treatment of pregnant women with hemorrhoids. Methods: In this thesis, the descriptive method is used with the overview of native and foreign professional and scientific literature. In search of the literature is covered timeframe posts from 2000 to 2016. Collection of the literature was conducted over union bibliographic catalog database COBIB.SI and in the databases CINAHL and Medline. English and Slovenian literature was used. Discussion and conclusion: It is known that even small issues in pregnancy, causing stress and that affect the physical and emotional well-being of women through the transition to motherhood. Constipation and hemorrhoids are the most common medical problems that may occur or worsen during pregnancy and in the puerperium period (the period between childbirth and the return of the uterus to its normal size). Due to the unpleasant nature of these diseases, women often do not seek assistance of a nurse or a doctor and take constipation and hemorrhoids for granted. However, untreated hemorrhoids and constipation can worsen, which can lead to lifelong issues. Nurses are, as professional and in permanent contact with patients, the most important for providing digestive comfort through disclosure issues, health education, rapid referral to a specialist and in providing appropriate treatment.

• Keywords: constipation, haemorrhoids disease, risk factors, bowel habits, prevention