Pogostost pojava ustne kandidiaze pod totalno protezo

Verlek, Karmen (author), Zore, Anamarija (mentor)

Uvod: Glive iz rodu Candida (slo. kandida) so pomembni in pogosti mikroorganizmi, ki so pri človeku normalno prisotni predvsem na sluznicah. Če se le-te pretirano namnožijo, lahko povzročijo glivične infekcije. V ustni votlini kandida kolonizira bukalno in labialno sluznico ter lateralne meje jezika, trde in mehke palatinalne regije, lahko pa tudi zobne podporne površine in morebitne protetične izdelke. Protetični izdelki lahko pritiskajo na sluznico in jo poškodujejo, ta poškodovana mesta pa lahko služijo kandidi za vstopno mesto. Na vneta, poškodovana mesta se kandida še raje naseli in dodatno povzroča težave, zato jo je treba zdraviti z antimikotiki. Namen je ugotoviti kako spol, starost in navade pacienta vplivajo na nastanek stomatitisa pod protezo in kakšni ukrepi so mogoči za preprečevanje bolezni. Metode dela: uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela ter iz različnih virov zbrali, pregledali in analizirali strokovno literaturo. V praktičnem delu smo naredili zgornjo totalno protezo ter podrobneje opisali postopek izdelave. Vsako fazo izdelave smo dokumentirali. Rezultati: V diplomskem delu smo predstavili ustno kadidiazo pod totalno protezo, pri kateri se okužbe z glivo Candida (C.) albicans pogosteje pojavljajo. Ugotovili smo, da je pojav stomatitisa pod totalno protezo odvisen od zunanjih dejavnikov, kot so material, prileganje, starost proteze, ustrezna higiena proteze in od dejavnikov pacienta, kot so spol, starost, navade ter morebitna kronična obolenja, ki lahko slabijo imunski sistem pacienta. Razprava in sklep: Ustna kandidiaza je pogost pojav pri pacientih s totalno protezo tako v Sloveniji kot tudi po svetu. Glavni razlog je verjetno vse večji delež starejše populacije, s čimer narašča tudi število ljudi s snemnoprotetičnimi izdelki. Veliko dejavnikov vpliva na razmnoževanje ustne kandide, najpomembnejša pa sta ustna higiena in imunski sistem. Pacientom je treba ob prejemu proteze podati pravilne napotke za ustno higieno in jih seznaniti, da lahko poškodbe sluznice zaradi proteze vodijo v nastanek stomatitisa pod protezo ter kandidiaze zaradi pretiranega razmnoževanja gliv iz rodu Candida.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: totalna proteza, ustna kandidiaza, kandida, stomatitis pod protezo, zdravljenje ustne kandidiaze, zdravljenje stomatitisa, Candida albicans
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2016
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-88478
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5192811
• Publication date in RUL: 07.01.2017

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The prevalence of oral candidiasis underneath the total denture

Abstract

Introduction: Candida is a type of fungus and an important and common microorganism in the human body, especially of the mucos membrane, and a common cause of fungal infections if present in sufficient quantities. Candidiasis in the oral cavity most commonly colonizes the buccal and labial mucosa, lateral parts of the tongue, hard and soft palate, as well as the dental supporting cusp and possible dentures. Stress caused by dentures can hurt the mucus and such damaged areas can serve as entry points for candida. These affected areas are much more vulnerable and candida can cause more widespread damage – treatment with antifungal medicine (antymicotic) is required. Purpose: The purpose is to find out how sex, age, and patient habits influence the development of stomatitis under a denture, as well as possible prevention methods. Methodology: The theoretical part was scripted with the help of various specialized literature and a descriptive method of work. The practical part included the manufacture of a complete upper denture as well as a detailed description of the work. Results: The thesis includes a description of oral candidiasis under a complete denture, where infections with Candida (C.) albicans are more common. We came to the conclusion that the occurrence of candidiasis under a complete denture depends on external factors such as materials, denture fit, age, and hygiene, as well as patient age, sex, habits, and possible chronic disorders affecting the patient’s immune system. Discussion and conclusion: Oral candidiasis is becoming an ever more common occurrence in Slovenia and all around the world probably due to the aging population and the related need for removable dental prosthetics. There are several factors contributing to the development and spread of oral candidiasis, the main two being oral hygiene and the immune system. The studied literature clearly points to a lack of preventive measures. Patients with dentures need to be informed about proper oral hygiene and warned about the possible occurrence of stomatitis under the denture due to injuries to the mucos membrane

• Keywords: complete denture, oral candidiasis, denture-related stomatitis, treatment of oral candidiasis, treatment of stomatitis, Candida albicans